Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed nurses to many stressful conditions that may affect their quality of life. This study aims to compare the quality of life of nurses working in COVID-19 referral hospitals and other hospitals in Iran. Methods: This descriptive -comparative study was conducted on 122 nurses working in COVID-19 referral hospitals and other ho...

Vitamin D is an immune modulator hormone with an anti-inflammatory effect. In this study the potential association between vitamin D and risk of Covid-19 disease were examined. Data of worldwide mortality rate of Covid-19 pandemic according to geographical distribution in 108 countries were analyzed. The results shows Covid-19 outbreaks and particularly mortality exhibit a decreasing North-Sout...

Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic, triggered by SARS-CoV-2, represents the major global issue affecting the lifestyle of people around the world. Wuhan, China was the first city to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but the virus soon spread around the world, forcing the World Health Organization to declare a global epidemic on March 11, 2020 (1). Previous pathological conditions or comorbidities suc...

Background and Aim: Surveillance has defined the systematic collection, continuous, analysis and interpretation of health-related information required for the planning, implementation, and assessment of public health performance. This study was aimed to determine the standard structure and components of COVID-19 surveillance and comparison with the Iranian present surveillance system to identif...

Introduction: COVID-19, which appeared in December 2019, has impressed the whole world. The corona virus had far-reaching effects on all health care systems and has had a direct impact on almost all areas of human life in all countries of the world, which has led countries to take various public and social health measures. Making decisions during the coronavirus pandemic has numerous challenges...

It is not clear whether women can decide to become pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic or whether they are at risk, because examining the long-term consequences of the virus, especially in the first months of pregnancy, requires further time and research(1). The COVID-19 virus has not been found in the semen and testicles of men infected with the virus in the acute phase or during the recover...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the Covid-19 outbreak crisis on the exchange rate with emphasis on oil price changes in the period of 2020/02/19 - 2020/12/20 on a daily basis. Markov switching approach has been used to estimate the pattern. The results show that the Covid-19 crisis and the growth of the number of patients alone do not have a significant effect on the ...