This paper evaluates village-level micro nance institutions in rural and semi-urban Thailand using data from a large strati ed, clustered cross-sectional survey. As is typically the case, micronance institutions have emerged in Thailand without the bene t of experimental controls. Thus, the data has neither randomized participation nor program placement. In addition, we do not study a pre-speci...

This paper uses theories of policy learning and of policy-making to examine how global institutions such as the WTO can influence policy choices. In pure learning by doing, policy choices are based on information relating to the history of an active policy; there is no information on alternative policies. New information on priors provides an incentive to choose a different policy. In the case ...

Among all the newly industrializing countries, South Korea’s development strategies, as implemented during the period of export-driven industrialization (1962-80), stand out as a model case in which rapid industrialization has been achieved by means of articulate trade and industrial policies. This paper, taking the historical perspective, critically examines the country’s industrial policies a...

Trade credit is a crucial source of capital particularly for small businesses with limited financing opportunities. Inventory models considering trade have been widely studied. However, while there extensive research on the single-vendor single-buyer inventory model allowing delays in payments, systems where vendor supplies to more than one buyer received less attention. In this paper, we analy...

Survey-based evaluation aims at surveying respondents from a statistically valid sample of the population of interest in order to infer from the sample statistics the range of likely values in the broader population. The population of reference can be made up of very different elements. It can be credit institutions and borrowers in policies related to credit, it can be farmers in farming polic...

with the rise of nicholas sarkozy to power, in an evident spin, france’s foreign policy became american in essence. from the very first year of his presidency sarkozy adopted a parallel policy to the u.s. atlanticism is considered an important and inevitable leverage in sarkozy’s foreign policy and his government marked a high point in foreign policy after de goulle. this new approach is comple...