The behavior of cleavage crack fronts at grain boundaries in free-standing silicon thin films is investigated through a microtensile experiment. In addition to the crystallographic orientation, the orientation of grain boundary plane also plays a critical role. With respect to the initial crack surface, if the inclination angle is relatively small, the crack tends to penetrate across the bounda...

We study vortex pattern formation in thin ferromagnetic films under the action of strong spin-polarized currents. Considering the currents which are polarized along the normal of the film plane, we determine the critical current above which the film goes to a saturated state with all magnetic moments being perpendicular to the film plane. We show that stable square vortex-antivortex superlattic...

It is impractical and uneconomic to design a structure that remains elastic throughout severe ground motions. The main design philosophy is that minor structural damages are acceptable as long as the structure does not collapse. Hence, seismic base isolation of structures provides a better alternative in constructing seismic resistant structures. A fixed-base structure designed in accordance to...

The characteristic interactions of discrete modes supported by planar isotropic and anisotropic dielectric slab waveguides are analyzed using singularity and critical point theory, leading to a rigorous and complete explanation of all modal interactions. Complex frequency-plane singularities associated with modes on isotropic waveguides are identified and discussed, and the absence of mode coup...

This paper contains a description of a program designed to find all the solutions of systems of two real equations in two real unknowns which uses detailed information about the critical set of the associated function from the plane to the plane. It turns out that the critical set and its image are highly structured, and this is employed in their numerical computation. The conceptual background...

plane and mulberry trees play a crucial role in purifying the polluted air in tehran as a majorcity. in this research, 13 main districts of tehran city were chosen as study area. 20 completely healthy planeand mulberry species were selected in similar ecological conditions and age range. the uptake of cd and pbwas determined using spectrophotometry, whereas the chlorophyll content was measured ...