Time series cross-correlation analysis is appropriate when measuring relationships between two different time series. Using this approach, the authors quantified the relationship between the time series air temperature (AT), soil temperature (ST), rainfall, relative humidity (RH) and Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) root weevil across a period of 30 months, and examined ho...

Introduction Patients with low-acuity (Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale level IV and V) complaints use the emergency department (ED) to access care. This has often been attributed to lack of a primary care provider. However, simply being registered with a primary care provider may not prevent low acuity ED presentation. There is some evidence that a lack of timely access to primary care may con...

INTRODUCTION There is an on-going debate about what qualifies one to be called a "pain physician" and who can run the "pain clinic". Currently, the discipline of anesthesiology is producing the majority of pain physicians. A literature search was unable to find data for any Pakistani or other South Asian countries with regards to general practitioner (GP) knowledge about pain clinics and pain p...

Lung function apparatus may be a source of cross infection in patients with cystic fibrosis and may be prevented using a 'bag in bottle' system. As this system has never been validated in children the flow volume loops performed using a Vitalograph Compact in the usual way were compared with results obtained blowing into the bag and bottle system, in random order, in 20 children with asthma (ag...

Current clinical interpretation of dynamic electromyography (EMG) data is usually based on qualitative assessments of muscle timing. Cross-correlation may provide a method for objectively comparing the timing and shape of EMG signals. This study used cross-correlation to compare EMG signals from different walking trials, different test sessions, and different individuals in able-bodied adults. ...

Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is affecting over 200 countries all over the world. This study was aimed to identify simple and swiftly available laboratory biomarkers to help facilitate effectual triage to categorize suspected COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Acco...

BACKGROUND The invasive nature of surgery, with its increased exposure to blood, means that during surgery there is a high risk of transfer of pathogens. Pathogens can be transferred through contact between surgical patients and the surgical team, resulting in post-operative or blood borne infections in patients or blood borne infections in the surgical team. Both patients and the surgical team...

NINETY-FIVE years after his deathJames Young Simpson is generally remembered for his pioneer work on anaesthesia. Gynaecologists also celebrate his memory daily by their use of the uterine sound; obstetricians occasionally resurrect such instruments as his obstetric forceps, and may even know of his early work in 'modern' fields such as vacuum extraction. Two other notable and very different fa...

OBJECTIVE To determine the living conditions and self-reported health of Palestinian refugees living in an unofficial camp in Lebanon. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Gaza displacement centre, Beirut, Lebanon. PARTICIPANTS 97 Households and 437 residents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Household characteristics, including the number of rooms per household; access to outside air; the prese...

BACKGROUND Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and has four serotypes. Cross-protection to other serotypes lasting for a few months is observed following infection with one serotype. There is evidence that low-affinity T and/or B cells from primary infections contribute to the severe syndromes often associated with secondary dengue infections. such pronounced immune-mediated enhancement s...