INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 180 I. INJUNCTIVE RELIEF UNDER THE PATENT ACT AND THE FEDERAL CIRCUIT TEST ................................................................. 183 A. Patent Act and Injunctive Relief .............................................. 183 B. The Federal Circuit Approach......................................

This commentary is a brief response to Nir Eyal’s argument that health policies should not make healthy behaviour a condition or prerequisite in order to access healthcare as it could result in the people who need healthcare the most not being able to access healthcare. While in general agreement due to the shared concern for equity, I argue that making health behaviour a condition to accessing...

Humans are without any doubts the prototypical example of agents that can hold rational beliefs and can show rational behaviour. When modeling human decision-making, it seems reasonable to take the remarkable abilities of humans into account with respect to rational behaviour, but also the apparent deficiencies of humans shining up in certain rationality tasks. Based on well-known challenges fo...

A recent discussion of Hume's argument concerning the rationality of accepting a belief that a miracle has occurred is given by J. L. Mackie in The Miracle of Theism. Mackie believes that Hume's argument is essentially correct, although he attempts to clarify and strengthen it. Any version of Hume's argument depends upon one's conception of miracles and laws of nature; I will argue that Mackie ...

Background: An obvious gradient in health outcomes has been implicated in many evidences relating to social and economic factors. Proper data are requested to convince policy-makers calling for intersectoral action for health. Recently, I.R. of Iran has come up with 52 health equity indicators to monitor health equity through the country. Conducting regular surveys on 14 out of 52 national heal...

Lopes (1996) clearly has limited patience with the Try to work through with undergraduates the equivalence concept of ‘‘rationality’’ as a basis for, or descriptor of, human decision making. I, in contrast, find some of the principles of rationality reasonably compel(x, E; (y, D; z)) B ((x, E; y), D; (x, E; z)), (1) ling—as do subjects when the situation allows them to see the structure of the ...

Noncommunicable diseases have potentially serious socioeconomic consequences, through increasing individual and household impoverishment and hindering social and economic development. This chapter examines the relationship between NCDs and socioeconomic conditions. It demonstrates that the distribution and impact of NCDs and their risk factors is highly inequitable and imposes a disproportionat...

this paper is an attempt to criticize “universalism” and “rationality” that is engraved in the epistemological foundations of the social sciences in the modernity era. this attempt will help to reconstruct these foundations provide a better understanding of the processes of reasoning and production of knowledge by generations and gender. the concept of rationality with a universalistic approach...

Actors working in global health often portray it as an enterprise grounded in principled concerns, advanced by individuals and organizations who draw on scientific evidence to pursue health equity. This portrait is incomplete. It is also a field of power relations-a social arena in which actors claim and draw on expertise and moral authority to gain influence and pursue career, organizational a...