The transfer of p,p'-DDT (1,1,1-tricholoro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) and its metabolites to infants via breast-feeding was studied in an area of KwaZulu, South Africa, where DDT is used to interrupt malaria transmission. Samples of whole blood were collected from 23 infants, together with samples of breast milk from their respective mothers. The mean sigma DDT (total DDT) in the whole bloo...

Indoor residual spraying with DDT was the principle method by which malaria transmission was eradicated or greatly reduced in many countries between the late 1940s and 1970s. Since then, decreasing use of DDT has been associated with a resurgence of malaria in India, Sri Lanka, former Soviet Central Asia, Zanzibar, Venezuela and several other Latin American countries. In India and Zanzibar, DDT...

The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants granted a controversial exemption for some countries to continue using DDT. DDT has a history of use in malaria control, but widespread concern about health risks led to declining use. A science-based policy analysis of existing published literature was conducted to consider DDT toxicology and malaria risk in South Africa to generate dat...

BACKGROUND Few studies have examined predictors of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) levels among residents in homes sprayed with DDT for malaria control with the aim of identifying exposure-reduction strategies. METHODS The present analysis included 381 women enrolled in the Study of Women and Babies (SOWB) during 2010-2011, from eight South Afr...

BACKGROUND Basic health indicators, such as body mass index (BMI), have been associated with serum 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane/1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDT/DDE) levels; however, both positive and inverse associations of BMI with serum DDT/DDE have been reported. Given the association of BMI with a number of outcomes, it may confound studies of DDT/DDE-asso...

DDT remains an important type of persistent organic pollutant (POP) in the environment of China. One of the current applications of DDT in China has been through antifouling paint for fishing ships as an active component. It has been estimated that approximately 5000 t of DDT was released into the Chinese coastal environment during the last two decades. Therefore, sediments in coastal fishing h...

susceptibility status of ph.papatasi to ddt 4% has been evaluated in arsanjan country, the new focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in fars province in 1999. sandflies were collected from human habitations. tests revealed that this species was sensitive to ddt. results from data analysis showed that lt50 and lt90 can be measured as 30 (fiducially limit; 23, 36) and 55 minutes (fiducially limit: 44...

We previously demonstrated a good correlation between the increased relative liver weight caused by DDT and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of DDT or the total DDT (T-DDT) in plasma and liver of rats in a 7-day repeated dose study at 1000 ppm. To confirm the reliability of AUC for predicting toxic responses at different dose levels, we conducted a further 28-day repeated dose ...

BACKGROUND Although dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) exposure is known to affect human endocrine function, few previous studies have investigated the effects of DDT exposure on age at menarche or menstrual cycle length. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted to study the effects of DDT exposure on age at menarche and menstrual cycle length among 466 newly married, nulliparous fem...

The development of resistance to insecticides has become a classic exemplar of evolution occurring within human time scales. In this study we demonstrate how resistance to DDT in the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae is a result of both target-site resistance mechanisms that have introgressed between incipient species (the M- and S-molecular forms) and allelic variants in a DDT-det...