Cyclooctatetraene (COT), the first 4nπ-electron system to be studied, adopts an inherently nonplanar tub-shaped geometry of D2d symmetry with alternating single and double bonds, and hence behaves as a nonaromatic polyene rather than an antiaromatic compound. Recently, however, considerable 8π-antiaromatic paratropicity has been shown to be generated in planar COT rings even with the bond alter...

The typical bathtub curve and its “standard”shape have been widely accepted as an engineering tool in reliability management and training. However, some recent researches reveal that the typical theory of ‘bathtub curve’is not so convincing in some situations. Therefore, a critical discussion is developed to research the bath-tub curve along three significant periods of bath-tub; i.e. infant mo...

1. Anonymous, Towels beat hot air driers hands down. Associated Press Newswire, 1993(July). Handwashing Michaels. Reports on a study done by the University of Westminster and financed by the Association of Soft Tissue Paper Manufacturers finding that hot air dryers increased bacteria on hands more than 500%. 2. Anonymous, Alcohol for hand hygiene: New comparative studies add to the evidence bas...