The results of this study show that there are many ways teachers can motivate students to learn at SMK Negeri 1 Palu after the earthquake, among others, by using various methods and activities. Because when teacher uses same method continuously it cause boredom reduce enthusiasm for learning students. Furthermore, also increase motivation making active. After earthquake gave more prizes who had...

Reinforcement learning provides both qualitative and quantitative frameworks for understanding and modeling adaptive decision-making in the face of rewards and punishments. Here we review the latest dispatches from the forefront of this field, and map out some of the territories where lie monsters.

In this paper we implement an echo state network within the concept of actor-critic design to obtain optimal control policy for a mobile robot. The robot is asked to anticipate future rewards/punishments and react accordingly. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is simple and effective.

In this paper we present a novel framework that allows a mobile robot to represent the environment and learn a task. The representation is a 'lazy map' in which observation are stored. Reinforcement learning is used to enable a human teacher to train the robot using rewards and punishments.

Schools today frequently resort to punishments that exclude students from the classroom, such as expulsion, suspension, and in-school suspension, much like the criminal justice system excludes criminals from greater society. Although prior research testing the racial threat hypothesis has found that racial composition is associated with the use of more punitive criminal punishment and harsher s...

Animals receive rewards and punishments in different patterns. Sometimes stimuli or behaviors can become predictors of future good or bad events. Through learning, experienced animals can then avoid new but similar bad situations, or actively seek those conditions that give rise to good results. Not all good or bad events, however, can be accurately predicted. Interestingly, unpredicted exposur...

The purpose of the study was to examine use rewards and punishment improve discipline in Yiadom Boakye Demonstration Junior High School students (JHS) Berekum Ghana. A qualitative approach adopted for study. case research design used analyse population consisted all eight (8) teachers (JHS). purposive sampling technique select school main instrument an interview. concluded that lead a change be...

Learning to predict rewarding and aversive outcomes is based on the comparison between predicted and actual outcomes (prediction error: PE). Recent electrophysiological studies reported that during a Pavlovian procedure some dopamine neurons code a classical PE signal while a larger population of dopaminergic neurons reflect a "salient" prediction error (SPE) signal, being excited both by unpre...