Boswellia sacra, a frankincense producing endemic tree, has been well known for its cultural, religious and economic values. However, the tree has been least explored for the associated microsymbiota in the rhizosphere. The current study elucidates the fungal and bacterial communities of the rhizospheric regions of the wild and cultivated B. sacra tree populations through next generation sequen...

by Steven H. Strauss, Stephen P. DiFazio and Richard Meilan Poplars (genus Populus) have emerged as a model organism for forest biotechnology, and genetic modification (GM: asexual gene transfer) is more advanced for this genus than for any other tree. The goal of this paper is to consider the benefits expected from the use of GM poplar trees, and the most significant claims made for environmen...

World chocolate demand is expected to more than double by 2050. Decisions about how to meet this challenge will have profound effects on tropical rainforests and wild species in cocoa-producing countries. Cocoa, "the chocolate tree," is traditionally produced under a diverse and dense canopy of shade trees that provide habitat for a high diversity of organisms. The current trend to reduce or el...

infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a contagious pathogen in fowl that results in economic loss in the poultry industry. in this study, the amino acids sequences of three structural proteins m, n, and s1 for five iranian ibv isolated during 1998-2011 have been analyzed. conserved and variable regions, hydrophobic characteristics and identity matrix were determined after alignment by bioedit ve...

For centuries olive tree is an important crop in many Mediterranean countries because it provides appreciated oil with healthy properties. Th e lack of genomic tools, such as molecular markers or sequence information, has hindered the development of new cultivars adapted to the challenges that this species faces due to the change in modern cultivation practices, such as the increase in the numb...

Tree fruit breeding is an inherently long-term process. The average generation time can range from 2 to 20 years depending on the species. While the production of large numbers of progeny favors the appearance of rare but desired recombinants, large tree size limits the number of progeny that can be planted and maintained. Significant genotype x environment interactions require multiple test si...

olive is a perennial evergreen tree which has good adaptability to poor environmental conditions such as salt and drought resistance. in recent years, there is a tendency to plant olive trees in green spaces. therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate 15 olive cultivars regarding growth habit, form, and texture to recommend for landscape. six-year-old trees of 15 olive cultivars, which h...

In tree-length harvesting operations, the trees are usually delimbed and topped in the woods. Sawlogs are bucked, and pulpwood is loaded tree-length. The use of in-woods chipping has been limited to energywood production because high bark content limits the use of whole-tree chips as pulp furnish. Flail delimbing and debarking allows economical processing and chipping of whole trees in the wood...