Let $G$ be a connected graph with minimum degree $delta$ and edge-connectivity $lambda$. A graph ismaximally edge-connected if $lambda=delta$, and it is super-edge-connected if every minimum edge-cut istrivial; that is, if every minimum edge-cut consists of edges incident with a vertex of minimum degree.In this paper, we show that a connected graph or a connected triangle-free graph is maximall...

Lens average and equivalent refractive indices are required for purposes such as lens thickness estimation and optical modeling. We modeled the refractive index gradient as a power function of the normalized distance from lens center. Average index along the lens axis was estimated by integration. Equivalent index was estimated by raytracing through a model eye to establish ocular refraction, a...

Cerebral language lateralization can be assessed in several ways. In healthy subjects, functional MRI (fMRI) during performance of a language task has evolved to be the most frequently applied method. Functional transcranial Doppler (fTCD) may provide a valid alternative, but has been used rarely. Both techniques have their own strengths and weaknesses and as a result may be applied in differen...

let $g$ be a simple graph of order $n$ and size $m$.the edge covering of $g$ is a set of edges such that every vertex of $g$ is incident to at least one edge of the set. the edge cover polynomial of $g$ is the polynomial$e(g,x)=sum_{i=rho(g)}^{m} e(g,i) x^{i}$,where $e(g,i)$ is the number of edge coverings of $g$ of size $i$, and$rho(g)$ is the edge covering number of $g$. in this paper we stud...

Network science and graph theory are two important branches of mathematics computer science. Many problems in engineering physics modeled with networks graphs. Topological analysis enable researchers to analyse relation some physical properties without conducting expensive experimental studies. indices numerical descriptors which defined by using degree, distance eigen-value notions any graph. ...

The Merrifield-Simmons index is one of the most popular topological indices in chemistry and in mathematical properties; there is a correlation between this index and boiling points. The MerrifieldSimmons index of a graph is defined as the total number of its independent sets, including the empty set. This paper proposed an edge grafting theorem operation, which is certain kind of edge moving b...

For a given connected graph G of order n, a routing R in G is a set of n(n− 1) elementary paths specified for every ordered pair of vertices in G. The vertex (resp. edge) forwarding index of G is the maximum number of paths in R passing through any vertex (resp. edge) in G. Choudum and Sunitha [S.A. Choudum, V. Sunitha, Augmented cubes, Networks 40 (2002) 71–84] proposed a variant of the hyperc...

This paper compares the Portuguese and Bulgarian consumer price indices (CPI) and attempts to identify some areas in which the CPI compilation methodology could be improved in the two countries. This work is organised into six sections. The first section briefly describes the organisational structure on which the production of the CPI is based in the two countries. The second section focuses on...

Developments in hyperspectral remote sensing have provided new indices or indicators of biochemical and biophysical properties. Most of the studies involving the novel spectral indices have been conducted at the leaf scale and have been rarely investigated for species discrimination. The objectives of the study were to determine hyperspectral indices that (i) are likely to be influenced by chan...