human serum albumin (hsa) is the most abundant protein constituent of blood plasma. this protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 585 amino acid residues, which has many important physiological functions. hsa can bind and carry many drugs, including anticoagulants, tranquilizers, and general anesthetics. some technique such as: fluorescence spectroscopy, three-dimensional fluorescence ...

introduction: nowadays new radiochromic films have an essential role in radiotherapy dosimetry. properties such as high sensitivity, good reproducibility, high spatial resolution, easy readout and portability have made them attractive for dosimetry, especially in high-dose-gradient regions. material and methods: in this study, electron-beam dose distributions in homogenous and heterogeneous pha...

in this study, an electrostatic sprayer which had been previously designed and constructed was evaluated in order to quantify the charging of droplets. liquid atomization was achieved by using an ultrasonic nozzle. the nozzle maximum flow rate was 25 milliliters per minute and vibration frequency was about 30 khz. the induction method was used for charging the output droplets. all experiments w...

background: a set of hardware stereotactic radiosurgery is designed and constructed. the scope of this article is to describe how we have designed and developed stereotactic collimation assembly for a 9 mv neptun 10 pc linac. materials and methods: one collimator holder and six collimators were made, with their radiation field diameter between 12.5 mm to 25 mm at isocenter level. beam data, suc...

This work reports, immobilization the Cobaloxime [Co (DH) Cl;DH,dimethylglyoximato)] onto the MCM- .The surface of MCM- was initially functionalized with -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and -pyridine. For the electrostatic immobilization this was reacted with Cobaloxime and immobilization was achieved by an electrostatic interaction between the Co Cobaloxime and the N of the pyridine and NH amine....

July 2003 Two-dimensional photonic crystal accelerator structures∗ Benjamin M. Cowan† Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94309 Abstract Photonic crystals provide a method of confining a synchronous speed-of-light mode in an all-dielectric structure, likely a necessary feature in any optical accelerator. We explore computationally a class of photonic cr...

In this paper we investigate the interaction between the accelerator muscle (the muscle that powers tongue projection) and the entoglossal process (the tongue's skeletal support) that occurs during tongue projection in chamaeleonid lizards. Previous work has shown that there is a delay of about 185 ms between the onset of accelerator muscle activity and the onset of tongue projection. In conjun...

A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) developed in our laboratory at Isfahan University of Technology is described here. The TOF-MS instrument uses laser as the ionization source which provides an opportunity to investigate the ions formed in laser ablation or desorption. The TOF-MS has an ionization chamber containing an accelerator and an ion lens to focus the ions into a one meter line...

Several plasma accelerator concepts are reviewed, with emphasis on the Plasma Beat Wave Accelerator (PBWA) and the Plasma Wake Field Accelerator (PWFA). Various accelerator physics issues regarding these schemes are discussed, and numerical examples on laboratory scale experiments are given. The efficiency of plasma accelerators is then revealed with suggestions on improvements. Sources that ca...