The three-dimensional structure of gene products continues to be a missing lynchpin between linear genome sequences and our understanding of the normal and abnormal function of proteins and pathways. Enhanced activity in this area is likely to lead to better understanding of how discrete changes in molecular patterns and conformation underlie functional changes in protein complexes and, with it...

An achromatic infrared (lambda = 1.2-4 microm), Si-prism quarter-wave retarder (QWR) is described that uses total internal reflection at a buried Si-SiO2 interface at an angle of incidence phi near 33 degrees, where deltaDelta/deltaphi = 0. The retardance delta deviates from 90 degrees by < +/- 2 degrees within a field of view of +/- 10 degrees (in air) over the entire bandwidth. Because the Si...

Among all the PT −symmetric potentials defined on complex coordinate contours C(s), the name “quantum toboggan” is reserved for those whose C(s) winds around a singularity and lives on at least two different Riemann sheets. An enriched menu of prospective phenomenological models is then obtainable via the mere changes of variables. We pay thorough attention to the harmonic oscillator example wi...

Using an integrated physical and biological approach, we examined across-shelf advection and exchange and the associated transport of bivalve larvae in the presence of a strong coastal current separated from the coast by a stratified inshore environment. We tested the hypothesis that the interface of the coastal current and inshore waters can act as an ecological barrier to across-shelf transpo...

Anaerobic purification is a cost-effective way to treat high strength industrial wastewater. Through anaerobic treatment of wastewaters energy is conserved as methane, and less sludge is produced. For high-rate methanogenesis compact syntrophic communities of fatty acid-degrading bacteria and methanogenic archaea are essential. Here, we describe the microbiology of syntrophic communities in met...

Local hydromagnetic simulations of accretion disc turbulence provide now the most convincing evidence that the origin of turbulence in discs could be the Balbus{Hawley magneto-rotational instability. The main results of such calculations are highlighted with particular emphasis on the generation of large scale magnetic elds. Comparison with mean-eld dynamo theory is made. This theory is then us...

Introduction Fast, efficient batch melting using the modern induction furnace can improve operating flexibility and production yield, as well as reduce the cost of environmental protection. The compelling advantages of induction batch melting have encouraged foundries to change the way they handle their melting operations. Among the chief advantages is cost. The operational cost of a typical in...

A strong westward traveling oscillation, with a period of 2 days and zonal wave number 3, is observed in the mesospheric and lower thermospheric winds from the High Resolution Doppler Imager on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. The important events happen in January, July, and September/October, of which the occurrence in January is the strongest with an amplitude over 60ms -•. Detailed ...