We investigate the fate of determinism in general relativity (GR), comparing philosopher’s account with physicist’s well-posed initial value formulations. The is interwoven question what it for a spacetime to be ‘physically reasonable’. A central concern status global hyperbolicity, putatively necessary condition GR. While hyperbolicity may fail true all physically reasonable models, we analyze...

Proverbs as a part of colloquial literature are always nourished by religion, culture, traditions, and philosophical beliefs of a community, and thus they mirror the common beliefs of a people. The frequent repletion of a proverb pregnant with a specific thought makes that type of thought a behavioral pattern and affects the actions and behaviors of the people of a society. In the Iranian socie...

In this paper we consider the issue of endowing an AGI system with decision-making capabilities for operation in real-world environments or those of comparable complexity. While action-selection is a critical function of any AGI system operating in the real-world, very few applicable theories or methodologies exist to support such functionality, when all necessary factors are taken into account...

This thesis investigates the design of adaptive utility maximizing software agents for competitive multi-agent settings. The focus is on evaluating the theoretical and empirical performance of Joint Action Learners (JALs) in settings modeled as stochastic games. JALs extend the well-studied Q-learning algorithm. A previously introduced JAL optimizes with respect to stationary or convergent oppo...

This paper proposes a new planning approach that authorizes an autonomous robot to reason about the inaccuracy of the world description and of its possible evolutions. We represent the uncertainty with the possibility theory; this allows us to distinguish between two types of nondeterminism: a non-determinism from insufficient modeling and a non-determinism from uncertainty. Besides, we introdu...

Introduction. Research and theory on the topics of information seeking and retrieval have been plagued by some fundamental problems for several decades. Many of the difficulties spring from mechanistic and instrumental thinking and modelling. Method. Existing models of information retrieval and information seeking are examined for efficacy in a probabilistic environment. Alternatives to determi...