We propose a mathematical study of the statistics chlorophyll fluorescence indices. While most literature assumes Gaussian distributions for these indices, we demonstrate their fundamental non-Gaussian nature. Indeed, while noise in raw images can be assumed as additive, deterministic ratio between them produces nonlinear distributions. investigate states which this non-Gaussianity affect stati...

| In the last years different prediction models for indoor environments were developed for the frequency range between 500 MHz and 5 GHz. Each of these models has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper four of the most popular models are compared to one another and to measurements in different buildings. The comparison is limited to the prediction of the received power because two ...

This study implemented linear and nonlinear methods of measuring variability to determine differences in stability of two groups of skilled (n = 10) and unskilled (n = 10) participants performing 3m forward/backward shuttle agility drill. We also determined whether stability measures differed between the forward and backward segments of the drill. Finally, we sought to investigate whether local...

We have studied the effects of range and distribution of data on product moment and rank correlation coefficients when deviation from a linear relationship was due solely to experimentally produced random error. All correlation coefficients (Pearson r, Spearman rho, and Kendall tau) were markedly influenced by the range of the data, and, for the rank correlation coefficients, the effect of rang...

We previously proposed a method of mapping full-complex spatial modulations into phase-only modulations. The Fourier transform of the encoded modulations approximates that of the original complex modulations. The amplitude of each pixel is encoded by the property that the amplitude of a random-phasor sum is reduced corresponding to its standard deviation. Pseudorandom encoding is designed for p...

Confidence intervals based on penalized maximum likelihood estimators such as the LASSO, adaptive LASSO, and hard-thresholding are analyzed. In the known-variance case, the finite-sample coverage properties of such intervals are determined and it is shown that symmetric intervals are the shortest. The length of the shortest intervals based on the hard-thresholding estimator is larger than the l...

Missing values and outliers are frequently encountered while collecting data. The presence of missing values reduces the data available to be analyzed, compromising the statistical power of the study, and eventually the reliability of its results. In addition, it causes a significant bias in the results and degrades the efficiency of the data. Outliers significantly affect the process of estima...

The paper presents an efficient and reliable feature descriptor for human detection in a top-view depth image that uses two statistical values of mean and standard deviation. Human detection performance of our descriptor outperform Rauter that use mean value and Simplified Local Ternary Pattern (SLTP). To evaluate the human detection performance using our descriptor, we capture 559 positive and...