Reluctance to talk about corruption is an important barrier to action. Yet the stakes of not addressing corruption in the health sector are higher than ever. Corruption includes wrongdoing by individuals, but it is also a problem of weak institutions captured by political interests, and underfunded, unreliable administrative systems and healthcare delivery models. We ur...

Abstract Tax is a financial charge imposed on individuals by state in different forms like direct tax paid directly by individuals, indirect tax collected by intermediaries and deposited to Government like sales tax. Taxation plays an important role in the process of revenue generation and to run various activities in an economy. The study empirically demonstrates various factors involved in di...

This paper exploits public announcements of corruption allegations amongst Nigerian political figures to estimate the impact of political connections on firm value. Specifically, I draw results from market reactions to 27 events to determine whether politically connected firms suffer more from financial malpractice amongst government officials. This paper finds heterogeneous impacts of corrupti...

Corruption, an undeniable reality in the health sector, is arguably the most serious ethical crisis in medicine today. However, it remains poorly addressed in scholarly journals and by professional associations of physicians and bioethicists. This article provides an overview of the forms and dynamics of corruption in healthcare as well as its implications in health and medicine. Corruption tra...

abstract in the past twenty-five years, the russian government has been faced with widespread corruption and despite many efforts it hasn’t been able to control that. according to transparency international report in 2013, this country was the 127th among 177 countries. this essay tries to analyze the role of administrative oligarchy and continuity of corruption in russia. the main question of ...

Is guanxi ethical? This question is largely ignored in the existing literature. As guanxi has an impact on the wider public other than the guanxi parties, it must be studied in the context of all stakeholders. This paper examines the ethical dimension of guanxi by focusing on the consequences of guanxi in business, from ethically misgiving behaviour to outright corruption. Guanxi may brings ben...

governmental contracts have an important place in the financial and economic system.because the transfer of funds generally is done by contracts. in other hand because of governmental economic system in our country and concentration of capital in this section, the governmental contracts has greater importance.therefore the special monitoring on various stages of contract from foundation to impl...