Measuring points were observed continuously to reveal the hydration heat temperature distribution of hollow concrete bridge pier. The results showed that as the thickness of the pier increased, the central temperature of the pier increased significantly due to hydration and the heat was difficult to be dissipated. The hydration temperature accounted for up to 70% of the maximum temperature rise...

introduction: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown etiology affecting the central nervous system. the prevalence of ms is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin d are lowest. some studies have shown a strong protective effect of vitamin d3 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) a model of ms. however, it is not known whether vitamin d3 has a ...

The immunopathogenesis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is poorly understood. Here, we have used MRL/MpJ mice, a model of spontaneous AIP, to address the role of cellular autoimmune processes in the initiation and progression of the disease. Therefore, different T cell subpopulations were adoptively transferred from sick to still healthy (but susceptible) MRL/MpJ mice. Unpurified splenocytes an...

Administration of peptide antigens in tolerogenic form holds promise as a specific treatment for autoimmune and allergic disorders. However, experiments in rodent autoimmune models have highlighted the risk of anaphylaxis in response to systemic peptide application once the aberrant immune response is underway. Thus, mice with clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) or...

BACKGROUND Regulatory T (Treg) cells can be induced with DNA vaccinations and protect mice from the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Tacrolimus (FK506) has been shown to have functions on inducing immunosuppression and augmenting apoptosis of pathologic T cells in autoimmune disease. Here we examined the therapeutic effect...

Background and purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental

To test the clinical relevance of monoclonal anti-I-A antibody in autoimmune disease, we investigated the effects of such a therapy in acute and chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) by instituting treatment after the onset of paralytic signs and following the clinical course. In chronic relapsing EAE, animals treated with anti-I-As antibody had no mortality and fewer ...

BACKGROUND Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is used as an animal model for human multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by activation of Th1 and/or Th17 cells. Human autoimmune diseases can be either exacerbated or suppressed by infectious agents. Recent studies have shown that regulatory T ce...

Transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a vital upstream integrator of multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, mediates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Investigations targeting TAK1 provide new therapeutic options for chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. However, the role and mechanism of the TAK...