Before eff ective treatment for tuberculosis became available thousands of people spent time in sanatoria (fi gure) in the hope of a cure through fresh air, sunlight, adequate nutrition, and micronutrients such as calcium. 1 Surgical techniques to promote part or complete lung collapse (eg, artifi cial pneumothorax, plombage, and thoracoplasty) were also used. 1 Although no controlled studies h...

During 2003-2009, the National Tuberculosis (TB) Laboratory Network in Argentina gave 830 patients a new diagnosis of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB and 53 a diagnosis of extensively drug- resistant (XDR) TB. HIV co-infection was involved in nearly one third of these cases. Strain genotyping showed that 7 major clusters gathered 56% of patients within restricted geographic areas. The 3 largest cl...

Tuberculosis as a social human disease has been known since ancient times. Morbidity and mortality from multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB) both in RS(Y) the Russian Federation remain high. In recent years, studies have conducted on effectiveness of chemotherapy using drug bedaquiline. State Budgetary Institution Republic Sakha (Yakutia) SPC “Phthisiology”, presc...

The emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) in Acinetobacter baumannii has made an important challenge in the treatment of infections caused by this organism. The ability of carbapenemase production is one of the main mechanisms for the emergence of MDR and/or XDR in A. baumannii. The aim of this study was to detect carbapenemase producer A. baumannii. In t...

Background: Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates are of clinical concern. Objectives: To determine the distribution antiseptic resistance genes associated level phenotypic against quaternary ammonium compounds biguanide compounds, we studied MDR XDR P. collected from different infections among patients a single hospital. Methods: were i...

BACKGROUND Multi drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) remains a major threat to public health, reinforced by recent reports about the clinical course of patients infected with extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains in South Africa. There is little information about the clinical course of XDR tuberculosis patients in industrialised countries. METHODS We evaluated a...

The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) is a serious global threat. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used as a last resort to treat XDR-TB. Resistance to the aminoglycoside kanamycin is a hallmark of XDR-TB. Here, we reveal the function and structure of the mycobacterial protein Eis responsible for resistance to kanamycin in a significant fracti...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to almost all available anti-tuberculosis drugs are an increasing threat to public health worldwide. Among existing drugs with potential antimycobacterial effects, the combination of meropenem with clavulanate has been shown to have potent in vitro bactericidal activity against extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). To explore its potentia...

M ultidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as active TB cases infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin (the two most important anti-TB drugs currently in use), and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), defined as active TB cases caused by infection with strains that are resistant to at least one fluoroquinolone and one in...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is caused by mutations in genes encoding drug targets. Investigators have already demonstrated the existence of mutations in codons 88 to 94 in the gyrA gene and also in codons 1400, 1401, and 1483 of rrs gene among extensively and extremely drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR & XXDR-TB) strains. The aim of this study was to identi...