Finance comprises mainly three decisions, namely investment financing and dividend decisions. Every decision is significant to maximize shareholders’ value. Among these decisions determine the proportion of debt equity capital in structure. The importance enormous business world. A firm cannot reach its ultimate goal wealth maximization if it undertakes a wrong financial decision. Thus, this pa...

In real investment, there is a relationship between external financing and abnormal stock returns. This study predicts a negative correlation between external financing and stock returns. The dependent variable of the research is stock returns and the independent variables are net financing and equity ratio. Also, control variables of the research includes assets growth, company’s size and comp...

A home is the single largest purchase that most households make, and it is one that usually requires some debt financing. Because housing debt is such a large component of households’ balance sheets, it is important to understand the financing decision. In this paper, we use household level data from the HILDA survey to relate households’ leverage to their observed characteristics using both gr...

Using a novel information asymmetry index based on measures of adverse selection developed by the market microstructure literature, we test whether information asymmetry is an important determinant of capital structure decisions, as suggested by the pecking order theory. Our index relies exclusively on measures of the market’s assessment of adverse selection risk rather than on ex ante firm cha...

Policymakers in publicly funded health-care systems are frequently required to make intricate decisions on which health-care services to include or exclude from the basic health-care package. Although it seems likely that the concept of individual responsibility is an essential feature of such decisions, it is rarely explicitly articulated or evaluated in health policy. This paper presents a te...

In December, 2010, Canada's 6 year old Assisted Human Reproduction Act was successfully challenged in the Supreme Court of Canada. There may be important implications for public health and the evolution of reproductive technologies in this country.

Can the modern economy function without a market for interestbased credit? This question has acquired some urgency in the wake of the recent Shariat Court ruling banning interest in Pakistan. Some pundits have pronounced that great harm will result from the banning of interest. Actually, such pronouncements are based on a lack of understanding of both the modern economic system, as well as the ...

Consider a decision support system for capital asset acquisitions (Wallingford and Sticklen 1985). The system helps users decide whether to purchase an asset or lease it from another company. Each of these alternatives leads to more specific decisions, such as whether to structure a leasing arrangement as a direct lease, a leveraged lease, or a conditional sale. All of these decisions depend on...

We study the effect of investor horizons on a comprehensive set of corporate decisions. Longterm investors have the means and motive to monitor corporate managers, which generates corporate decisions that are consistent with shareholder value maximization. We find that longterm investors strengthen corporate governance and restrain managerial misbehaviors such as earnings management and financi...

This paper examines how bank taxation affects the financing decisions and investment activities of corporates. Exploiting exogenous tax variation at level, we show that taxing banks' gross profits leads to higher leverage, results in lower risk credit supply. The contraction supply has implications for corporate debt activity. Corporates more exposed banks subject profit exhibit leverage rely l...