Small-scale pilot projects have demonstrated that integrated population, health and environment approaches can address the needs and rights of vulnerable communities. However, these and other types of health and development projects have rarely gone on to influence larger policy and programme development. ExpandNet, a network of health professionals working on scaling up, argues this is because...

Recent developments in gas-to-liquid conversion industry lead to reduction in initial investment, and it is expected by growth in demand for refined products in countries and the need to import these products in the countries. Implementing such projects can prevent currency outflow. In this article an integrated structure is developed for producing liquid fuels from natural gas through Fischer-...

Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including carcinogens and toxic compounds, are produced in petrochemical industries. We undertook this study in order to study workers’ respiratory exposure to different VOC concentrations and compare the results with the urinary levels of its metabolites and study the correlation between them in petrochemical industries. Materials and Met...

urban large-scale projects have always been a controversial topic of debates. these projects are time- and money-consuming and the rejection or approve of their functionality is based on political intentions. in the last hundred years, each of them costed billions of dollars from private or public budgeting, used technical and human resources. these risky-complex creatures are built to fulfill ...

Risk response planning is one of the main phases in the project risk management and has major impacts on the success of a large-scale project. Since projects are unique, and risks are dynamic through the life of the projects, it is necessary to formulate responses of the important risks. The conventional approaches tend to be less effective in dealing with the impreciseness of risk response p...

recently, due to the very good market in ethane as a feedstock for petrochemical complexes, thereare some plans to make a deep ethane recovery from the gases produced in iran southern fields. inthis work, the feasibility of different technologies for deep ethane recovery from a specified feed gasproduced in one of the iran southern fields is reviewed. three different processes are selected ands...

according to gas development in most provinces in recent years and the expansion of gas transfer pipeline in parallel, paying attention to project supply chains and related risks is necessary more than past. due to specific structure of project supply chain based on government regulations, this article is aimed at presenting a model to mitigate risks on projects supply chain in state gas compan...