Many systems require information about the topology of networks on the Internet, for purposes like management, efficiency, testing of new protocols and so on. However, ISPs usually do not share the actual topology maps with outsiders. Consequently, many systems have been devised to reconstruct the topology of networks on the Internet from publicly observable data. Such systems rely on tracerout...

It is well known that lattice-valued rough sets are important branches of fuzzy sets. The axiomatic characterization and related topology the main research directions For L=(L,⊛), a complete co-residuated lattice (CCRL), Qiao recently defined an L-fuzzy lower approximation operator (LFLAO) on basis relation. In this article, we give further study Qiao’s LFLAO around induced L-topology. Firstly,...

‎Assume that $A$ is a Banach algebra‎. ‎We define the‎ ‎$beta-$topology and the $gamma-$topology on the space $QM_{el}(A^{*})$ of all bounded extended left quasi-multipliers of $A^{*}.$‎ ‎We establish further properties of $(QM_{el}(A^{*}),gamma)$ when $A$ is a $C^{*}-$algebra‎. ‎In particular‎, ‎we characterize the $gamma-$dual‎ ‎of $QM_{el}(A^{*})$ and prove that $(QM_{el}(A^{*}),gamma)^{*},$...

In this article, the ant colony method is utilized for topology optimization of space structures. Strain energy of the structure is minimized while the material volume is limited to a certain amount. In other words, the stiffest possible structure is sought when certain given materials are used. In addition, a noise cleaning technique is addressed to prevent undesirable members in optimum topol...

a. csaszar introduced and extensively studied the notionof generalized open sets. following csazar, we introduce a new notionsuperconnected. the main purpose of this paper is to study generalizedsuperconnected spaces. various characterizations of generalized super-connected spaces and preservation theorems are discussed.

The (measure-theoretical) entropy of a diffeomorphism along an expanding invariant foliation is the rate complexity generated by leaves foliation. We prove that this number varies upper semi-continuously with (C1 topology), measure (weak* topology) and itself in suitable sense. This has several important consequences. For one thing, it implies set Gibbs u-states C1+ partially hyperbolic diffeom...

The purpose of this paper is to construct a weak hyper semi-quantale as a generalization of the concept of semi-quantale and used it as an appropriate hyperlattice-theoretic basis to formulate new lattice-valued topological theories. Based on such weak hyper semi-quantale, we aim to construct the notion of a weak hypervalued-topology as a generalized form of the so-called lattice-valued t...