this study investigated the relative effects of deductive and inductive form-focused instruction (ffi) on the acquisition of 4 non-generic definite article uses(cultural, situational, structural, and textual) as assessed by explicit and implicit outcome measures. the tests utilized to assess efl learners' acquisition of definite article uses were timed and untimed grammaticality judgment t...

Let K be a field, S a polynomial ring and E an exterior algebra over K, both in a finite set of variables. We study rigidity properties of the graded Betti numbers of graded ideals in S and E when passing to their generic initial ideals. First, we prove that if the graded Betti numbers β ii+k(S/I) = β S ii+k (

We show that the (2 × 2)-subpermanents of a generic matrix generate an ideal whose height, unmixedness, primary decomposition, the number and structure of the minimal components, resolutions, radical, integral closure and Gröbner bases all depend on the characteristic of the underlying subfield: if the characteristic of the subfield is two, this ideal is the determinantal ideal for which all of...

We introduce the concept of topological finite-determinacy for germs analytic functions within a fixed ideal I, which provides a notion of topological finite-determinacy of functions with non-isolated singularities. We generalize classical results of Thom and Varchenko stating the following: let A be the complement in the ideal I of the space of germs whose topological type remains unchanged un...

Gu map-1 is a modified version of GGH map. It uses same ideal lattices for constructing the trapdoors, while the novelty is that no encodings of zero are given. In this short paper we show that Gu map-1 cannot be used for the instance of witness encryption (WE) based on the hardness of 3-exact cover problem. That is, if Gu map-1 is used for such instance, we can break it by soving a combined 3-...

The actual construction of the string Landscape usually relies on nucleation of “baby universes”. One should however ask whether such babies can resemble the Universe we observe. For they may not have an Arrow of time: even if some of them have basic physical laws essentially identical to those we have discovered, they may have the wrong — insufficiently smooth — initial conditions. We argue th...

Genre analysis as an area of great concern in recent decades, involves the observation of linguistic features used by a determined discourse community. The research article (RA) is one of the most widely researched genres in academic writing which is realized through some rhetorical moves and discursive steps to achieve a communicative purpose. This study aimed at proposing a model of generic p...

Present work investigates the capability of oxidative treatment process in the presence of nano silver doped on silicate particles for decolorization of a widely used azo dye, C.I. Direct Blue 129 (DB129) in water samples. Solutions with initial concentration of 20 mgL-1 of dye, within the range of generic concentration in textile wastewaters, were treated under ambient conditions of initial pH...

The question addressed in this paper is how to correctly approximate infinite data given by systems of simultaneous corecursive definitions. We devise a categorical framework for reasoning about regular datatypes, that is, datatypes closed under products, coproducts and fixpoints. We argue that the right methodology is on one hand coalgebraic (to deal with possible nontermination and infinite d...

This paper investigates the role of productivity on a firm’s organizational choice. We set up an industry-equilibrium model in which heterogeneous firms concurrently choose their type of inputs, ownership structure and location of production. In choosing their type of inputs, firms trade off the extra customization costs of adopting generic inputs against the reduced hold-up friction that gener...