Short-term facilitation is a widely observed form of synaptic enhancement that is not well understood. Although presynaptic calcium has long been implicated in this process, its role is unclear, particularly at synapses in the mammalian brain. We tested the role of presynaptic residual free calcium ([Ca]res) in facilitation of synapses between granule cells and Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar ...

OBJECTIVES To develop, implement and evaluate a training programme for senior doctors to become faculty leaders for patient safety training. METHODS Senior doctors were recruited from across 20 hospitals in the North Western Deanery, England, UK. The intervention comprised a half-day course in patient safety theory, root cause analysis and small-group facilitation, following which participant...

During early postnatal development, corticospinal (CS) system stimulation, electrical or transcranial magnetic, is minimally effective in producing muscle contraction, despite having axon terminals that excite spinal neurons. Later, after stimulation becomes more effective, the cortical motor representation develops, and movements the system controls in maturity are expressed. We determined whe...

Current MOOCs emphasize offering individualistic learning experiences, and most MOOC research is centered on this context. Recent research also suggests that MOOC students may prefer to study in groups. Social facilitation within the study groups may render the learning of difficult concepts a pleasing experience. We report a longitudinal study that investigates how co-located study groups watc...

The 2009 British Ecological Society's Annual Symposium entitled 'Facilitation in Plant Communities' was held at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, from 20 to 22 April 2009. This was the first ever international meeting dedicated to the rapidly expanding field of facilitation. The aim of the symposium was to assess the current 'state-of-play' by contrasting findings from different systems and...

OBJECTIVE Innovative approaches can strengthen patient-caregiver-clinician information exchange and more effectively address the physical and psychosocial challenges of advanced disease. This study reports initial findings from implementation of the Clinician Report (CR)-a patient and caregiver status report tool accessible by the oncology clinic team. DESIGN The CR tracks and communicates es...