Background: The Multi state Markov models have extensively application with categorization of laboratory marker of CD4 cells for evaluation of HIV disease progression. These models with different states result in different effects of covariates and prediction of HIV disease trend. The main purpose of this study was comparison of four and five states models with the three- state in order to sele...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can cause a hazardous disease and has severe fatal consequences. The problem of dental treatment in affected patients has still remained a big debate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of post-graduate dentistry students regarding treatment and education of HIV-positive patients.METHODS: This was a cross...

Background and Objectives: Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in dysregulation of the cytokine profile. A switch from a T helper 1 (Th1) to a Th2 cytokine has been proposed as an important factor in progression of HIV infection to AIDS. The aim of the present study was to assess the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in HIV infected individuals in order to identify t...

conclusions prevalence of hiv/hcv coinfection is considerably low in turkey. the extremely rare prevalence of idu might have a role in this low prevalence. background rate of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) varies in different countries. this may be attributable to common transmission routes as well as social, economic, and cultural factors. objec...

Background and Aims: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is usually a self-limited viral disease that causes acute hepatitis and may progress to chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed individuals. It seems that hemodialysis patients and HIV infected people are more exposed to HEV infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of HEV infection in hemodialysis and HIV infected patients ...

Abstract Consensus in the international community has grown over the past two years that HIV/AIDS poses a threat to development, security, and economic growth. A few studies over the last ten years have looked at the impact on workers and their employers. With momentum building to prevent new infections and treat those already afflicted, more information is needed to assess economic impact...