background: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) makes infected cases prone to opportunistic infections like tuberculosis (tb) due to impaired immunity of the body, especially multi drug resistant (mdr) ones which are a major concern. with hiv outbreak starting late in the 20th century, the international health community is observing a huge rise in the incidence of this complex disease. herein, w...

conclusions in conclusion, the prevalence of hbv infection was low in the south of iran, but genotype d represented the major hbv genotype in this population. among the variables, age, duration of hd, history of blood transfusion, and using shared hd devices influenced the prevalence of hbv among hd patients. results both kinds of assay determined that nine (5.88%) patients were hbv positive (h...

introduction: oral manifestations can be the first signs of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) and a useful marker for the progression of this disease. the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral manifestations and examine their relationship with socio-demographic factors in hiv-positive patients in the health centers affiliated to zahedan...

Introduction: This article discusses reproductive health for a young woman with positive HIV during postnatal care. Discussion: In HIV-positive patients, ART treatment protocols may vary. Hormonal contraception in combined oral (COC), progestin-only pill, depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), and implant are considered safe. An intrauterine device (IUD) is also safe women. Cervical cancer sc...

Background and Objectives: Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) type 1 and 2 are retroviruses that share the same routes of transmission as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As a consequence of epidemiologic similarities, HIV and HTLV-1/2 co-infection is frequent. Due to the limited data, this study assessed the seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 infections in HIV infected patients in Tehran, Ira...

BACKGROUND HIV binding has been demonstrated in erythrocytes from HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. However, the presence of immunoglobulins G anti-HIV (IgG anti-HIV) in erythrocytes from HIV-positive individuals is still to be elucidated. Moreover, the capacity of erythrocytes from HIV-positive individuals to capture an additional amount of HIV has not been studied. Indeed, it is unkn...

BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and neck circumference (NC) are important screening tools for sleep disordered breathing (SDB); however, the utility of anthropometry for this purpose has not been evaluated among HIV-positive patients. METHODS HIV-negative men (n=60), HIV-positive men receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HIV-positive/HAART; n=58) and HIV-p...

Background and Aim: Saliva, as an easy diagnostic tool, has various defense mecha-nisms such as immunological, enzymatic and antioxidant defense systems. Salivary peroxidase is one of the most important salivary antioxidants. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients have decreased antioxidant and increased oxidative stress levels. Theref...