Electrorheological (ER) fluids change their flow properties dramatically when an electric field is applied. These fluids are usually composed of dispersions of polarizable particles in an insulating base fluid or composed of liquid crystal polymer. To build more suitable and complicated designs for application of ER fluid, the simulation of ER fluid as well as experiments are important. First, ...

We study stability and distortions of liquid crystal nematic order in a cell with a random heterogeneous substrate. Modeling this system as a bulk xy model with quenched disorder confined to a surface, we find that nematic order is marginally unstable to such surface pinning. We compute the length scale beyond which nematic distortions become large and calculate orientational correlation functi...

Using Gibbs' adsorption equation and a literature isotherm, a new general model to predict the contact angle of surfactant solutions on (smooth or rough) chemically heterogeneous surfaces is constructed based on the Cassie equation. The model allows for adsorption at the liquid-vapor, solid-liquid, and solid-vapor interfaces. Solid-vapor adsorption is allowed in order to model the autophobic ef...

Structural aspects of crystal nucleation in undercooled liquids are explored using a nonlinear hydrodynamic theory of crystallization proposed recently [G. I. Tóth et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 26, 055001 (2014)JCOMEL0953-898410.1088/0953-8984/26/5/055001], which is based on combining fluctuating hydrodynamics with the phase-field crystal theory. We show that in this hydrodynamic approach n...

The formation of different structures in phase-separated composite films (PSCOFs) from formulations of liquid crystals and photocurable monomers has been investigated using polarizing optical and scanning electron microscopies. Two processes, spatially nonuniform polymerization and diffusion of small molecules, play important roles in determining a specific PSCOF polymer structure. The variatio...

meysam yarie was born in 1987 in malayer, hamedan, iran. he received his b.sc. in applied chemistry (2010) from malek-ashtar university of technology and m.sc. in organic chemistry (2012) from kurdistan university under the supervision of dr. kamal amani. he is currently working towards his ph.d. under the supervision of professor mohammad ali zolfigol. his research interest is catalysis, inclu...

We have designed, built, and tested two cells for in situ and, potentially, operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments transmission fluorescence modes. The were developed high-pressure high-temperature conditions to study the catalytic processes under relevant industrial conditions. Operation of was Ru Rh-based homogeneous heterogeneous systems. Using synchrotron-based we tracked evolut...

The surface site distribution and the dielectric discontinuity effects on the charging process of a spherical nanoparticle (NP) have been investigated. It is well known that electrostatic repulsion between charges on neighbouring sites tends to decrease the effective charge of a NP. The situation is more complicated close to a dielectric breakdown, since here a charged site is not only interact...

In this work, the ionic liquid triethylamine-bonded sulfonic acid {[Et3N–SO3H]Cl}, N,N-diethyl-N-sulfoethanammonium chloride was used as a green acidic homogeneous catalyst to synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thiones as two categories of heterocycles, from aldehyde, dicarbonyl compound and urea or thiourea throughout the one-pot three components cycloc...