Precise Point Positioning (PPP) greatly improves the precision of absolute GPS positioning by using the international GPS services (IGSs) orbit and satellite clock error products with positioning precision reaching the 1cm level [1-3]. At present, this technique has been widely applied in many engineering fields, such as mining engineering, high precise navy engineering surveying, lane surveyin...

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a reconstructive procedure of alveolar ridge using membranes. This procedure is indicated when there is no sufficient bone for implantation, or in the case of optimal implant installation for esthetic or functional needs. GBR can be performed before implant placement, when there is not enough bone for initial stability of implants and less predictable outcomes ...

We consider geometric decompositions of aspherical 4manifolds which fibre over 2-orbifolds. We show first that no such manifold admits infinitely many fibrations over hyperbolic base orbifolds. If E is Seifert fibred over a hyperbolic surface B and either B has at most one cone point of order 2 or the monodromy has image in SL(2,Z) then E it has a decomposition induced from a decomposition of B...

Reservoir models with many grid blocks suffer from long run time; it is hence important to deliberate a method to remedy this drawback. Usual upscaling methods are proved to fail to reproduce fine grid model behaviors in coarse grid models in well proximity. This is attributed to rapid pressure changes in the near-well region. Standard permeability upscaling methods are limited to systems with ...

A number of pathogens may be transmitted from parent to child at or before birth (vertically) or from one individual to another by contact (horizontally). A natural deterministic and non-spatial model, introduced by Lipsitch et al. [Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. B 260 (1995) 321] shows that an epidemic is possible if the vertical transmission or the horizontal transmission is high enough. In cont...

An array of magnetic variometers has been operated in the south-east corner of the Australian mainland, observing the coast effect simultaneously in two dimensions for the first time. The observations are presented as sets of variograms in the time domain and as contour maps of certain parameters in the frequency domain. Vertical field response functions are determined for each station, and the...

Stereo plaid stimuli were created to investigate whether depth perception is determined by an intersection of constraints (IOC) or vector average (VA) operation on the Fourier components, or by the second-order (non-Fourier) feature in a pattern. We first created stereo plaid stimuli where IOC predicted vertical disparity, VA predicted positive diagonal disparity and the second-order feature pr...

an extended octagonal ring (eor) transducer was designed and developed to measure forces inside the compression chamber of a large square baler in different directions. the transducer was calibrated by applying forces in three directions simultaneously and independently. the sensor revealed excellent linearity along with small cross sensitivities. horizontal and vertical primary sensitivities o...