[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of horse-riding simulator exercise on gait ability and muscle strength, muscle activation in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited, a horse-riding simulator group consisted of fifteen subjects and they performed exercise three times a week for eight weeks...

Horse locomotion exhibits rich variations in gaits and styles. Although there have been many approaches proposed for animating quadrupeds, there is not much research on synthesizing horse locomotion. In this paper, we present a horse locomotion synthesis approach. A user can arbitrarily change a horse’s moving speed and direction and our system would automatically adjust the horse’s motion to f...

The nutrient composition, antinutritional factors and flour functionality of cowpea and horse gram flours were evaluated in comparison to chickpea flour characteristics. Protein content of these flours was in the range of 22.5 24.1%. Fat content was highest in chickpea (4.8%) and lowest in horse gram (1.4%). Resistant starch and phytic acid were significantly higher in cowpea flour. Compared to...

various forms of intensive sport place stress on the musculoskeletal system of the horse, during both racing and training. the musculoskeletal system of the horse has an inherent ability to adapt to the demands of high speed exercise, but exceeding the threshold of adaptive capacity may result in some form of damage. continuing racing or training may delay the repair process and put the horse a...

seven caspian miniature horses, aged above two years, were used for this study. the skeleton of these horses were cleaned and prepared using appropriate techniques. the vertebral column was studied and photographed. the vertebral column in one of these horses showed variations in thoracic, lumbar and sacral region. the vertebral formola was c7, t19,l5,s6 and a pair of 19th rib was fused with th...

Quantitative (not qualitative) studies were sought investigating whether horseback riding used as therapy improves gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Eleven published studies on instructor-directed, recreational horseback riding therapy (HBRT) and licensed-therapist-directed hippotherapy were identified, reviewed, and summarized for research design, methodological qualit...

Few paediatric health topics have sparked as much academic and public debate as school-based fitness testing. Since Rowland exclaimed nearly two decades ago that the “horse”, referring to schoolbased fitness testing is dead, opinion has been divided – to test or not to test. Whilst many agreed with Rowland`s criticisms, others suggest that it is not school-based fitness testing per se that is p...

Bounds to the Nordtvedt parameter are obtained from the motion of the first twelve Trojan asteroids in the period 1906-1990. From the analysis performed, we derive a value for the inverse of the Saturn mass 3497.80±0.81 and the Nordtvedt parameter -0.56±0.48, from a simultaneous solution for all asteroids.

In order to understand the genetic ancestry and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity of current Colombian horse breeds we sequenced a 364-bp fragment of the mitocondrial DNA D-loop in 116 animals belonging to five Spanish horse breeds and the Colombian Paso Fino and Colombian Creole cattle horse breeds. Among Colombian horse breeds, haplogroup D had the highest frequency (53%), followed by haplo...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of horse-riding simulator exercise and Kendall exercise on forward head posture. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty elderly college students with a forward head posture were randomly divided into two groups for 15 persons each, a horse-riding simulator group and Kendall exercise group, and performed exercise for eight weeks. [Results] The ho...