mutannabi the well-known arab poet has dedicated many lines of his poetry to describing animals directly or indirectly. among the animals to whichmutanabbi has paid attention the horse has a very special status. most of the lines in which he has in some way described horses or horse riders are the lines about fights and battles in which the poet depicts the victories and bravery of the courageo...

The sport of equestrianism is defined through close horse-rider interaction. However, no consistent baseline parameters currently exist describing the coordination dynamics of horse-rider movement across different equine gaits. The study aims to employ accelerometers to investigate and describe patterns of motor coordination between horse and rider across the equine gaits of walk, rising trot, ...

The authors studied the interaction between rider and horse by measuring their ensemble motions in a trot sequence, comparing 1 expert and 1 novice rider. Whereas the novice's movements displayed transient departures from phase synchrony, the expert's motions were continuously phase-matched with those of the horse. The tight ensemble synchrony between the expert and the horse was accompanied by...

In riding, most biomechanical studies have focused on the description of the horse locomotion in unridden condition. In this study, we draw the prospect of how the basic principles established in inter-personal coordination by the theory of Coordination Dynamics may provide a conceptual and methodological framework for understanding the horse-rider coupling. The recent development of mobile tec...

The three main Olympic horse riding disciplines are dressage, jumping, and three-day eventing (including dressage, cross country and jumping). In the jumping discipline (obstacle race), the 'team' (horse rider) is judged under the different conditions that might take place in a varied run. The horse is expected to show power and ability; the rider must show riding skill and good physical condit...

Common causes of poor performance in horses include factors related to the horse, the rider and/or the saddle, and their interrelationships remain challenging to determine. Horse-related factors (such as thoracolumbar region pain and/or lameness), rider-related factors (such as crookedness, inability to ride in rhythm with the horse, inability to work the horse in a correct frame to improve cor...

The simplest model possible for bouncing systems consists of a point mass bouncing passively on a mass-less spring without viscous losses. This type of spring-mass model has been used to describe the stance period of symmetric running gaits. In this study, we investigated the interaction between horse and rider at trot using three models of force-driven spring (-damper)-mass systems. The first ...

This qualitative study explored how riders perceive and understand the relationship with their horse. Participants included ten elite female a mean age of 40.6 years, five whom competed in Eventing Dressage an average 30.9 years’ competitive experience, chosen horses (mean age: 11.8 years). The duration for between horse rider was 6.8 years. Each rider–horse combination completed flatwork train...

It has become accepted that the horse cannot see directly in front when the nose is lowered and must therefore rely on the rider. We tested the hypothesis that this conclusion would be correct only if the horse did not adjust the eyeball horizontal axis to changes of the head position. The results of the present study suggest that it is unlikely that horses have limited vision in relation to th...

This paper construct a database of the national representative level of a professional horse-rider by wearing a motion-capture suit attached with 16 inertial sensors under an inertial sensor-based wireless network environment, then make a visual comparative analysis on the values of all motion features (elbow angle, knee angle, knee-elbow distance, backbone angle and hip position) classified de...