This paper investigates the phenomenon of manufacturing know-how. First, the abstract notion of knowledge is discussed, and a terminological basis is introduced to treat know-how as a kind of knowledge. Next, a brief survey of the recently reported works dealt with manufacturing know-how is presented, and an explicit definition of know-how is formulated. Finally, the problem of utilizing know-h...

Classic epistemic logic focuses on propositional knowledge expressed by “knowing that” operators. However, there are various types of knowledge used in natural language, in terms of “knowing how”, “knowing whether”, “knowing what”, and so on. In [10], Plaza proposed an intuitive know-what operator which was generalized in [16] by introducing a condition. The latter know-what operator can expres...

Frege, it is often said, liberated the theory of meaning and logic from epistemology. He despised the neo-Kantian Erkenntnistheorie of his time as just another form of psychologism. He was not interested in how we come to know numbers, meanings and logical laws, but in what it is for numbers, meanings, and logical laws, to be the objects of knowledge, independently of any human subject. He acce...

The very early appearance of abstract knowledge is often taken as evidence for innateness. We explore the relative learning speeds of abstract and specific knowledge within a Bayesian framework and the role for innate structure. We focus on knowledge about causality, seen as a domain-general intuitive theory, and ask whether this knowledge can be learned from co-occurrence of events. We begin b...

Similarity measures are central to human cognition (Tversky, 1977) and have long been a central aspect for modeling spatial knowledge (Tobler, 1970). To determine the similarity of geographic entities, such as elements of the landscape, and geographic events, such as a tornado crossing a state, from a cognitive perspective several approaches have been proposed, specifically: geometric, feature-...