Surgery is required for most Crohn's disease (CD) patients due to strictures and/or penetrating disease (e.g., fistula, abscess and perforation).1,2 Even if surgical resection is performed, this does not represent “curative” treatment because clinical recurrences are often seen after surgery. Previous studies indicated that 25–35% of CD patients needed re-surgery at 5 years and up to 40–70% at ...

Background and aims: IL-22 is an alpha- helical cytokine. IL-22 binds to a heterodimeric cell surface receptor composed of IL-10R2 and IL-22R1subunits. IL-22R is expressed on tissue cells, and it is absent on immune cells. L-22 and IL-10 receptor chains play a role in cellular targeting and signal transduction to selectively initiate and regulate immune responses. The aim of this study was to i...

coccidiosis and gizzard erosion are rare conditions in cage bird. a male zebra finch was presented with a history of watery diarrhea, anorexia, ruffled feathers, weight loss, and lethargy and died finally. gross necropsy revealed small areas of erosions and hemorrhages on the gizzard wall. the intestine was oedematous. the spleen appeared pale and small. the testes were asymmetric.histologicall...

The chances of being diagnosed with Leaky Gut Syndrome are pretty remote. It does not even occur to many doctors to check for the condition. A further complication is that gut distress often manifests as disease in other parts of the body. Leaky Gut Syndrome is one of the most misunderstood concepts in modern medicine. This condition is associated with an abnormal increase in the permeability o...

Granulomatous colitis is a chronic transmural disease of unknown etiology gastro-intestinal tract. It can affect any area the GI In recent decades, there has been an increase in number cases disease, which be explained by improvement diagnostic methods on one hand, and deterioration environmental factors other hand. The main intestinal complications granulomatous are: obstruction, perforation, ...

Non-Meckel small intestine diverticulitis can have many manifestations and its management is not well-defined. We report 4 unselect cases of small intestine diverticulitis; all patients were seen by the same physician at the Emergency Center at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between 1999 and 2014. The median age at diagnosis of these patients was 82 years (range, 76-87 years)...