The goal of the standards is to “address what a voting system should reliably do, not how system components should be configured to meet these requirement” [5, Vol I §1.1]. The standards present a certification procedure involving testing by an Independent Testing Authority (ITA) and many jurisdictions cannot use systems that are uncertified. Virtually all vendors have this testing done. Nevert...

The present research investigated the nature of the inferences and decisions young children make about informants with a prior history of inaccuracies. Across three experiments, 3- and 4-year-olds (total N = 182) reacted to previously inaccurate informants who offered testimony in an object-labeling task. Of central interest was children's willingness to accept information provided by an inaccu...

Most institutional practices to evaluate teaching are inadequate, inaccurate, neither improve directly, nor incentivize improvement. This is often because effective difficult assess and most tools do not adequately or accurately so without established standards. Because of this, faculty may be hesitant change aware the need their practice how effect such change. Here we establish a framework de...

The inadequate ventilation and complex environments in underground coal mines lead to a high concentration of dust particles. As result, the health miners accuracy laser rangefinder measurements are endangered. It is crucial enhance rangefinder’s efficiency mitigate risks reduce labor intensity. In this study, we propose power attenuation model ranging correction address issues inaccurate envir...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research is responsible for evaluating drug safety and efficacy, including oversight of clinical trials and principal investigators. The FDA Clinical Investigator Inspection List (CIIL) contains online, detailed, relevant information of all FDA inspections. We reviewed FDA inspections of clinical investigators to ascerta...

BACKGROUND Advertising is a crucial component of pharmaceutical industry promotion. Research indicates that information on advertisement materials might be inadequate, inaccurate, biased, and misleading. OBJECTIVE To analyse and critically assess the information presented in print pharmaceutical advertisements in Saudi Arabia. METHODS Pharmaceutical advertisements were collected from 280 co...

At the recent Benguela 86 Symposium one of the participants decided to make a very strange recantation. There was sufficient evidence, in his view, to suggest that there was no reason to do the causal research in fisheries-related marine ecology, once the conventional average fishery information or parameter estimates were available. You could be right more often using average expectations in y...