background the prevalence of newly-diagnosed cases of chronic hepatitis is decisive for the overall incidence rate of hepatitis b observed in poland. objectives we aimed to determine the chronic hepatitis b incidence trends in poland, taking into consideration the ages, genders, and environments of the patients. methods the study is based on aggregated data from polish descriptive epidemiologic...

background: tehran is the capital of iran with an increasing multiple sclerosis (ms) incidence. a retrospective population-based study was conducted to evaluate the status of ms prevalence and ms incidence trends in tehran province, iran. methods: a population-based study was conducted from 1991 to 2014 in tehran province, the capital city of iran based on iranian ms society (imss) registry sys...

conclusions considering the results, accurate and on time diagnosis of ebv primary infection in both children and adolescents will help prevent unnecessary hospitalization, medication and incorrect medical decisions. in addition, this will decrease further treatment costs and related medical procedures. background many children become infected with epstein-barr virus (ebv) during their childhoo...

patients and methods this study was carried out in 482 hemodialysis patients who had been referred to eight dialysis centers in the mazandaran province in iran from 2012 - 2014. hbs ag, hcv ab, hbs ab and hiv ab were assessed every three months for two years. the patients’ demographic characteristics, including age, gender, area of residence, and duration of dialysis, were noted. the prevalence...

for a simple digraph $g$ of order $n$ with vertex set${v_1,v_2,ldots, v_n}$, let $d_i^+$ and $d_i^-$ denote theout-degree and in-degree of a vertex $v_i$ in $g$, respectively. let$d^+(g)=diag(d_1^+,d_2^+,ldots,d_n^+)$ and$d^-(g)=diag(d_1^-,d_2^-,ldots,d_n^-)$. in this paper we introduce$widetilde{sl}(g)=widetilde{d}(g)-s(g)$ to be a new kind of skewlaplacian matrix of $g$, where $widetilde{d}(g...

background: evidence shows that the mortality rate of esophageal cancer (ec) in ardabil province is among the highest worldwide. studies on the epidemiological profile of ec in ardabil are scarce. we aim to study the characteristics of ec in ardabil using data from the recently established ardabil cancer registry (acr). materials and methods: this study has been accomplished based on data colle...

background ventilator- associated pneumonia (vap) continues to complicate the course of 8-28 % patients receiving mechanical ventilation. the mortality rate for vap is high, ranges from 24-50% and can reach 76% in some specific settings or when lung infection is caused by high risk pathogens. the etiologic agents widely differ according to the population of patients in an intensive care unit, d...

abstract background: in 1958, silverman demonstrated that maintenance ofbody temperature reduces mortality in low birth weight infants. from the early 1990s it was already recognized that adequate environmental warmth was essential in the case of newborns. however, neonatal hypothermia continues to be a significant issue in developing countries. methods: in order to describe the incidence and s...

background the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) varies among different societies. the aim of this study is to determine the incidence rate of ibd in kerman, a city in southeast iran. methods all medical records that indicated a new diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (uc) or crohn`s disease (cd) were retrieved from the gastrointestinal endoscopy and pathology departments of 12 centers ...