1 Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria, 2 Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Zanzibar, Tanzania, 3 Vector and Vector Borne Diseases Research Institute, Tanga, Tanzania, 4 Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria, ...

Trypanosoma cruzi is an intracellular parasite transmitted from a reduviid insect vector to humans by exposure of mucosal surfaces to infected insect excreta. We have used an oral challenge murine model that mimics vector-borne transmission to study T. cruzi mucosal infection. Although gastric secretions have microbicidal activity against most infectious pathogens, we demonstrate that T. cruzi ...

In the present study, the bovine coronavirus (BCV) spike glycoprotein cleavage products (S1 and S2) were individually expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells, using a baculovirus expression system. The coding sequence of S1 and S2 gene fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into the baculovirus shuttle vector pBlueBac4.5/V5-His TOPO ® TA. The cloned fragments were inserted ...

The conceptual basis of public health entomology developed at the turn of the twentieth century with the seminal experiments that guided the first vector-directed interventions. Within 50 years, technological advances built confidence in the power of research to resolve threats posed by vector-borne pathogens. Hope that the resulting diseases might be eliminated by time-limited interventions, h...

Lime witches’ broom phytoplasma (16SrII, LWB) causes major losses to lime cultivation in Iran. The role of its immunodominant membrane protein (IMP) in the specific interaction with vector proteins was addressed. The carboxy terminal moiety of LWB IMP, coding the extracellular part of the protein, was expressed (LWB f∆IMP) as a tool to study IMP interactions with insect proteins. In preliminary...

cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.)  is an important fiber crop in iran, cultivated on 150000-200000 ha of land.  in iran the estimated loss due to the insect pest is more than 30%. traditionally, pests are controlled by 10-12 times spraying per growing season of environmentally harmful chemical insecticides (e.g. endosulfan and/or methosystox). in order to produce transgenic cotton resistance to in...

objective: influenza virus a (h1n1) is an important subtype of the influenza respiratory viruses, which has important worldwide implications. hemagglutinin (ha), an important viral antigen, is responsible for binding to human cell receptors leading to an onset of the disease process. considering the critical role of viral attachment, this study focuses on the extraction and cloning of ha and it...

Introduction: In recent years, influenza viruses have caused moderate to severe infections all around the world while so far there is no influenza vaccine that can protect people with only one dose of injection. In this regard, producing a universal vaccine based on virus-like-particles (VLP) could be an ideal approach.  Methods: In this study, the full-length ORF of influenza hemagglutini...