Acute otitis media complications are relative rare since the introduction of antibiotics. Still many controversies exist on the diagnosis and treatment of some of them. In this report we describe a pediatric case of upper cervical abscess (bezold abscess), sigmoid sinus thrombosis and occipital osteomyelitis following mastoiditis, presenting with persistent fever and otorrhea. The patient respo...

We present a case of osteomyelitis requiring prolonged intravenous cephalothin complicated by symptomatic calcium oxalate urocalculi formation. Patients on long-term β-lactam antibiotics with lower urinary tract symptoms may have urolithiasis rather than a urinary tract infection.

Intravenous and aerosolized polymyxins are being used increasingly, especially in the critical care setting, for treating patients with infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Recent literature suggests that intravenous colistin and polymyxin B have acceptable effectiveness for the treatment of patients with bacter...

Intra-abdominal abscesses usually occur following any intra-abdominal surgery, trauma, Gastrointestinal infection or intestinal perforation. In particular, the diagnosis of sub-phrenic collection can be notoriously difficult. This fact is expressed by well-known aphorism: 'Pus somewhere, pus nowhere else, under diaphragm'. Sub-diaphragmatic form between diaphragm and abdominal organs, such as l...

antepartum mastitis is a rare condition, whereas postpartum or lactation mastitis is a common problem. this report introduces a case of complicated bilateral antepartum mastitis, which was treated successfully by drain insertion and antibiotic therapy. the patient was a 23-year-old woman in the 23 rd week of her first pregnancy. her chief complaint was progressive swelling, redness and radicula...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The increasing rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens warrants the development of new treatment strategies. Carefully engineered delivery systems are undergoing evaluation to test the hypothesis that aerosolized administration of antibiotics will provide high local concentrations and fast clearance, which in turn may improve effic...

A 78-year-old woman presented to the acute medical unit with a productive cough, dyspnoea and decreased appetite of 4 days duration. Initial assessment supported a diagnosis of right-sided community-acquired pneumonia and she was started on antibiotics. In view of the clinical finding of splenomegaly, she had an ultrasound and, subsequently, a CT of the abdomen, which revealed a large splenic a...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the recent data on antibiotic aerosolization to treat ventilator-associated pneumonia. RECENT FINDINGS Most studies on antibiotic aerosolization have been case reports or descriptive studies. The results of a recent randomized, placebo-controlled trial indicated that adjunctive use of nebulized antibiotic with intravenous antibiotics to treat purulent ...

BACKGROUND We have conducted this study to evaluate the effect of antibiotics, whether oral or intravenous, compared to no antibiotic protocol on post-tonsillectomy morbidity. METHODS A total of 270 patients aged 3 - 12 years were included in the study. Patients were assigned into three groups randomly; each group consisted of 90 patients. In the first group (group A), patients were given int...

OBJECTIVES Previous studies have examined renal safety of once daily intravenous tobramycin in individuals with cystic fibrosis. This has been mainly in combination with ceftazidime in an adolescent or adult population. In this report, we describe our institutional experience of once daily intravenous tobramycin in combination with a variety of second anti-pseudomonal antibiotics in children wi...