The price of the WTI2005 crude oil futures contract was concluded at -37.63 US dollars per barrel on April 20 Eastern Time. This is first negative WTI since it listed Chicago Stock Exchange, causing vast losses to Bank China and treasure investors. In order avoid similar accidents in future, both internal external risks need be evaluated. primarily accountable for accident as seller due its bla...

The potential energy surface for the reaction of the ground-state carbon atom [C(Pj)] with the propargyl radical [HCCCH2(XB1)] is investigated using the G2M(RCC,MP2) method. Numerous local minima and transition states for various isomerization and dissociation pathways of doublet C4H3 are studied. The results show that C(Pj) attacks the π system of the propargyl radical at the acetylenic carbon...

The health risk resulting from benzene exposure in petroleum refineries was calculated using data from the scientific literature from various countries throughout the world. The exposure data was collated into four scenarios from petroleum refinery environments and plotted as cumulative probability distributions (CPD) plots. Health risk was evaluated for each scenario using the Hazard Quotient ...

performance of contract in many situations is not possible without cooperation from the side of the obligee, and he/she has a duty to do all acts which are necessary to make enable the obligor for contract performance. for example, the execution of medical contract depends on patient’s cooperation. all items of such duty are not capable to cite in different kinds of contracts and in some cases ...

Background: The study examined the impact of a contract farming scheme on the farmers’ income, food security, and nutrition. Methods: Simple random sampling was used to select 100 respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics as well the Propensity Score Matching technique. Results: The major determinants of participation in contract farming included...

Petroleum exploration and production is an industry that provides researchers with multi-variant challenging “real world” properties. Recently, some petroleum soft computing techniques have gained a greater interest in prediction within the oil industry. This paper is interested in the analysis, classifying, mining and predictions, based on fuzzy as an intelligent system and an intelligent syst...

This study proposes a novel option-revenue sharing coordination contract framework. In the proposed model, the retailer determines the number of order sales effort. The manufacturer sets the price of products for the wholesale strategy. The investigated supply chain problem analyzes the results of different strategies. In the proposed coordination contract problem, two types of games including ...

A method is described for extracting the petroleum from petroleum-bearing ̄uid inclusions hosted in the diagenetic cements of sedimentary rocks, whilst minimising contamination from petroleum in the pore space. A clean-up technique, involving the addition of extraction standards to the rock prior to analysis, has been developed that allows increased con®dence that the hydrocarbons extracted are...

Unexpected price spikes in petroleum can lead to instability in markets and have a negative economic effect on sectors which rely on petroleum consumption. Sudden rises in the price of petroleum do not have to be long-term to cause negative, cascading impacts across the economy. Firms which make futures purchases or hedge against a higher price during a price spike can become insolvent when the...