in this article, regarding threefold nature of iranian culture (iranian, islamic, western) and using descriptive- analytic method, it is investigated about ideas of  shariati, soroush amd rajai on iranian culture to use in fusional approach. shariati emphasized on recognizing awareness of islam with passion and action, the efficiency conscious from west instead of blind imitation, knowing tradi...

Using the POLITY IV and Freedom House indices, Rowley and Smith (2009) found that countries with Muslim majorities enjoy less freedom and are less democratic than countries in which Muslims are a minority. Because the POLITY IV and Freedom House indices have been criticized on several grounds, I reinvestigate Rowley and Smith ́s finding using the new Democracy-Dictatorship data from Cheibub et a...

Islam has a general principle of increase in population. But the Muslims are equally obliged to take care of health, education and the provisions etc. for their offspring and wives in the best possible way. The Muslims would have to regulate and manage the number of children, if any situation affects their duties regarding their wives or children. Islam accomplishes permissibility of temporary ...

Worldwide, Islam is the second most populous religion and, in many countries in the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia, and Africa, it is the predominant religion. The population of Muslims in the United States is projected to dramatically increase in the next few decades. Understanding the role of Islam for people who believe in and follow Islam-Muslims-will provide nurses with important pe...

Islamic bioethics is in good health, this article argues. During the twentieth century, academic researchers had to deal with a number of difficulties including the scarcity of available Islamic sources. However, the twenty-first century witnessed significant breakthroughs in the field of Islamic bioethics. A growing number of normative works authored by Muslim religious scholars and studies co...

An ethical system must do two things: It must envision a particular way of life and it must work out a path to the realization of that way of life that is internally consistent, yet workable in the real world. Surprisingly, recent ecological ethics have failed to realize these two components of an ethical system. From Leopold's Land Ethic to Deep Ecology, no coherent ethical system was born. Mo...

This study investigated the quarrel between pro-and anti-constitutionalist jurists following establishment of first National Consultative Assembly (Majlis) in Iran and drafting constitution 1906. A group shi῾ite launched an attack on Majlis, addition to ideas human legislation, freedom, equality, by considering Islamic Sharī῾a law be a set perfect impeccable laws. In response these oppositions,...