The Cu2ZnGe X Sn1-X S4 (CZGTS) thin-film solar cells have a limited open-circuit voltage (V OC) due to bulk and interface recombination. Since the standard CdS buffer layer gives significant cliff-like conduction band offset CZGTS, alternative layers are needed reduce This work compares performance of wide bandgap Cu2ZnGeS4 (CZGS) fabricated with nontoxic Zn x Sn1–x O y (ZTO) grown by atomic de...

The specific activities of isocitric dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutaric dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase were determined in extracts of Nitrosomonas europaea and compared with the corresponding values for Anacystis nidulans and autotrophically grown Hydrogenomonas eutropha. In common with other obligate autot...

1. Methylene blue has no catalytic effect on the oxygen consumption of those normal adult tissues which do not possess aerobic glycolysis. The dye increases the oxygen consumption of these tissues when their respiration has been inhibited by the addition of KCN and their fermentative power thus brought into action. 2. Methylene blue increases the oxygen consumption of normal tissues having aero...

Lipoxygenase(LOX) catalyzes irreversible transfer of oxygen molecule to Arachidonic and Linoleic acid to produce 13 Hydroproxy Octadecadienoic acid. Recent studies showed the involvement of Lipoxygenase products, leukotrienes, in inflammations and Lipoxygenase pathways acts as mediators of early inflammatory events in atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was purification and characteri...

A novel method for palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl bromides promoted by low-level tri-n-butyltin chloride or cyanide is described. The method features low catalyst loading and mild reaction conditions. KCN is used as the cyanide source. Only trace levels of the tri-n-butyltin compound are required to achieve high conversion and yield in the cyanation of aryl bromides, iodides, and triflates.