Ray Kurzweil predicts that artificial intelligence will equal and then surpass human intelligence in the not-too-distant future, in what he calls the “moment of singularity.” Advances in brain/machine interfacing (BMI) may be viewed as a challenge to this futuristic prediction. BMIs strive to instrument human brains with unlimited memory, calculation, and communication abilities, which provide ...

in this paper, we present an efficient method for determining the solution of the stochastic second kind volterra integral equations (svie) by using the taylor expansion method. this method transforms the svie to a linear stochastic ordinary differential equation which needs specified boundary conditions. for determining boundary conditions, we use the integration technique. this technique give...