a growing body of research has indicated that students of esl/efl are reticent and unwilling to be engaged in oral activities in english lessons. communicative language ability includes speaking ability, so vocabulary knowledge plays an integral role in speaking a language. however, there have been few studies examining the degree to which vocabulary knowledge affects speaking ability. the pres...

In recent years there has been a growing interest to incorporate hypertext glosses into L2 reading materials and accordingly, it has provoked researchers to uncover to what extent and under which moderator variables a specific type of gloss yields more effective outcomes than other types of glossing. The present meta-analysis attempts to examine the magnitude of the effect of different gloss ty...

Meara’s new volume primarily focuses on how word association data can be used in second language vocabulary acquisition research, particularly in the areas of the development of vocabulary depth, productive vocabulary skills and lexical organization in second language (L2) speakers. His book also serves as a concise summation of research to date involving word associations and second language v...

The current study investigated the effects of repetition on learning second language (L2) spoken word forms. Japanese university students L2 English were randomly assigned to one three treatment conditions (one, three, and six exposures) learned 40 words while hearing them viewing their corresponding pictures. A picture-naming test was administered before, immediately after, approximately week ...

Literacy is not only defines as the ability of reading and write but also it to think critically cultivate information. This study aims analyze literacy experiences L1 L2 English speakers. interviewed two language speakers, J a native speaker, K non-native speaker. The result showed that despite differences in learning L2, some similarities are discovered. interview, both required cognitive ski...

This paper explores the ways in which the transfer of assumptions from first language (L1) writing can help the process of writing in second language (L2). In learning second language writing skills, learners have two primary sources from which they construct a second language system: knowledge and skills from first language and input from second language. To investigate the relative impact of ...

in the past decades, we have witnessed a renascence of interest in vocabulary assessment (bachman, 2000). however, most researchers have focused on testing breadth rather than depth of vocabulary or receptive-productive dimensions of vocabulary knowledge (read, 2000; nation, 2001; wesche & paribahkt, 1996). the present research investigates the predicting variables of vocabulary knowledge acros...