Swimbladder gas gland cells are polar epithelial cells which release acidic metabolites through the membranes of an extensive basolateral labyrinth, and secret surfactant via exocytosis at apical membranes. We have developed a method to establish primary cell cultures of gas gland cells in order to establish a model system for physiological analysis of gas gland cell function in vitro. Isolated...

We investigated metabolic engineering of fermentation pathways in Escherichia coli for production of optically pure Dor L-lactate. Several pta mutant strains were examined, and a pta mutant of E. coli RR1 which was deficient in the phosphotransacetylase of the Pta-AckA pathway was found to metabolize glucose to D-lactate and to produce a small amount of succinate by-product under anaerobic cond...

Improving lactic acid (LA) tolerance is important for cost-effective microbial production of LA under acidic fermentation conditions. Previously, we generated LA-tolerant D-LA-producing S. cerevisiae strain JHY5310 by laboratory adaptive evolution of JHY5210. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing of JHY5310, identifying four loss-of-function mutations in GSF2, SYN8, STM1, and SIF2...

Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (MCTl) mediates the transport of the main fraction of lactate across the sarcolemma. A common polymorphic MCTl variant has been identified, but its role in high intensity exercise performance has not been defined. We investigated the influence of MCTl A1470T polymorphism (rsl049434) on lactate accumulation after high intensity circuit training. Ten men aged 20-26 p...

OBJECTIVE To develop a mathematical model for the determination of total areas under curves from various metabolic studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In Tai's Model, the total area under a curve is computed by dividing the area under the curve between two designated values on the X-axis (abscissas) into small segments (rectangles and triangles) whose areas can be accurately calculated from ...

A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in the lactate-proton symport was isolated. Transformation of the mutant with a yeast genomic library allowed the isolation of the gene JEN1 that restored lactate transport. Disruption of JEN1 abolished uptake of lactate. The results indicate that, under the experimental conditions tested, no other monocarboxylate permease is able to efficiently tr...

Lactococcus lactis is essential for most cheese making, and this mesophilic bacterium has its growth optimum around 30 °C. We have, through adaptive evolution, isolated a mutant TM29 that grows well up to 39 °C, and continuous growth at 40 °C is possible if pre-incubated at a slightly lower temperature. At the maximal permissive temperature for the wild-type, 38 °C, TM29 grows 33% faster and ha...

OBJECTIVE In normal adults, a small (catalytic) dose of fructose administered with glucose decreases the glycemic response to a glucose load, especially in those with the poorest glucose tolerance. We hypothesized that an acute catalytic dose of fructose would also improve glucose tolerance in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Five adults with type 2 diabetes under...

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a family of hyper-hydrophilic proteins that accumulate in response to cellular dehydration. Originally identified as plant proteins associated with seed desiccation tolerance, LEA proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms such as invertebrates and microorganisms. LEA proteins are thought to protect proteins and biomembranes under w...

Oral glucose tolerance test with 50g glucose was carried out with and without simultaneous oral administration of 3g calcium lactate. Blood sugar and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) were measured before and 30, 60, 90 and 120min after glucose load in 11 diabetics and 11 non-diabetics. Similar oral glucose tolerance test was performed with and without intravenous administration of 10ml 8.5% c...