nowadays, using public transportation vehicles like metro in large cities are of significance, and exposure to whole-body vibration for the metro passengers is one of the physical contaminations. this paper is conducted with the aim of evaluating the passengers’ convenience and health both in sitting and standing conditions. the present study was done on the passengers of lines 1, 2, and 4 of t...

Abstract – Classical vehicle tracking approaches for highway scenarios use a Kalman–filter with a single dynamic model optimised to a single driving manoeuvre. In contrast, the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) filter allows for several parallel models which are combined to a weighted estimate. Choosing models for different driving modes such as constant speed, acceleration and strong accelerati...

A recursive least square RLS algorithm for estimation of vehicle sideslip angle and road friction coefficient is proposed. The algorithm uses the information from sensors onboard vehicle and control inputs from the control logic and is intended to provide the essential information for active safety systems such as active steering, direct yaw moment control, or their combination. Based on a simp...

We sought to examine the hemodynamic determinants and clinical application of the peak acceleration rate of early (Ea) diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus by tissue Doppler. Simultaneous left atrial and left ventricular (LV) catheterization and Doppler echocardiography were performed in 10 dogs. Preload was altered using volume infusion and caval occlusion, whereas myocardial lusitropic st...

OBJECTIVE Concussion is a prevalent brain injury in sport and the wider community. Despite this, little research has been conducted investigating the dynamics of impacts to the unprotected human head and injury causation in vivo, in particular the roles of linear and angular head acceleration. SETTING Professional contact football in Australia. PARTICIPANTS Adult male professional Australia...

A Functional Virtual Prototyping full vehicle model for a tri-axial heavy-duty truck is built, and the nonlinearity of suspension dampers and tires is also considered. With the trajectory of full vehicle gravity center, longitudinal tire force of front wheel, longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, yaw rate and pitch angle as the evaluation indexes of brake property, the influences of ...

Recent neurophysiological experiments in the monkey have demonstrated that the flocculus and the posterior vermis, lobules VIc-VII (oculomotor vermis), are involved in the generation of pursuit eye movements. Whereas the functions of the flocculus in the control of smooth pursuit have been intensively investigated, sufficient data are not available for a profitable discussion of the functions o...

By appropriately modifying the generalized explicit guidance and developing it further, an optimal midcourse guidance law is proposed in this paper to ensure terminal impact angle constrained engagement of missiles with near-zero lateral acceleration in the terminal phase. This guidance law generates a desired intermediate point in space as well as the desired angles which needs to be achieved ...

Twelve collegiate football quarterbacks were videotaped while performing drop back passes. The video images were digitized using a Peak Performance system, and three-dimensional (3-D) kinematic and kinetic data were calculated from the 3-D coordinate data using standard analytical procedures. The sequential timing of peak shoulder torques in the delivery for the football throw was peak abductio...

[Purpose] This study developed a backpack with a low center of gravity (LCG) and investigated the effects of the LCG backpack on the trunk stability of mountaineers while ascending and descending. [Subjects and Methods] Ten males aged 20-32 years were recruited. The subjects ascended and descended a road with an inclination of 30 degrees wearing the standard or LCG backpack, and trunk accelerat...