In postmenopausal breast cancers, locally produced estrogen by adipose stromal cells causes the progression of tumor growth. Although aromatase, a key enzyme of estrogen synthesis, is highly expressed in the adipose stromal cells, and aromatase inhibitors show greater efficacy in postmenopausal breast cancers, the mechanism of increasing aromatase activity in the stromal cells remains unclear. ...

Granular cell tumor is a rare benign non-encapsulated tumor that mostly presents in oral cavity. Breast localization is uncommon and occurs in about one per 1000 cases of breast cancers. It mainly affects premenopausal women showing the possible role of estrogen and progesterone levels in the progression of this tumor. Granular cell tumor is a great emulator of the invasive ductal carcinoma of ...

Introduction: Acute skin wound healing is a complicated process comprising various phases. Recent animal studies have shown that steroid sex hormones such as estrogen maybe helpful in the regulation of several pathophysiologic stages that are involved in wound healing. In this study we examined the effects of topical estrogen in the treatment of traumatic facial wounds.   Materials and Methods:...

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, containing approximately one third of all illnesses in women. Assessment of molecular markers is valuable in predicting the outcome of disease and decision making for optimal treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptors with Her-2, Ki67, P53, and clinicopathologica...

abstract  introduction: during extrinsic coagulation pathway, a complex is developed between factor vii, calcium and tissue factor (a cell membrane lipoprotein that is exposed after cell injury). factor vii needs calcium and vitamin k for its biologic activation. coronary artery disease (cad) can be induced by increased level and activity of the coagulation factors vii, viii and ix. in postmeno...

Endocrine adjuvant therapy for breast cancer in recent years has focussed primarily on the use of tamoxifen to inhibit the action of estrogen in the breast. The use of aromatase inhibitors has found much less favor due to poor efficacy and unsustainable side effects. Now, however, the situation is changing rapidly with the introduction of the so-called phase III inhibitors, which display high a...

in addition to its effect on reproductive organs, estrogen exhibits complex effects on brain structure, function and behavior. in this regard, the influence of gonadal hormones especially estrogens on nociception has recently been accepted. soybean is known as an important phytoestrogen containing plant that is used as an alternative for estrogen replacement therapy. in this study, the influenc...

the present study was carried out to characterize the cervical mucus (cm) collected when inseminating holstein cows and to relate the secretion pattern with pregnancy. the mucus was collected from mid-cervix of 64 cows with spontaneus estrus (se) and induced estrus (ie). the quantity, pattern and consistency of the mucus, ph, arborization patterns and the sperm motility were observed. the level...

background : breast cancer (bc) is the most common cancer in iranian women, meanwhile the iranian patients are relatively young. granzyme h (gzmh) is a functional cytotoxic serine protease of nk cell granules, which expands the cell death-inducing repertoire of innate immune system. gzmh is constitutively and highly expressed in human nk cells, in order to possess chymotrypsin-like (chymase) en...