Half of all adults are unable to understand basic health information and services needed well enough to make appropriate health decisions, according to the Institute of Medicine. Findings from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL), the National Center for Education Statistics’ only study of Americans’ ability to understand health-related information, painted a similarly grim pic...

in the current study, two line with short-term divergent selection for high weight (hw) and low weight (lw) at 4 wk of age after 7 generation were analyzed in coturnix japonica quail. hw line was significantly higher than lw line at 28d of age (p<0.01). 21 females, and 11 male from the hw, 18 females plus 10 male from the lw lines were mated as reciprocal cross and within lines to produce hh, l...

BACKGROUND Although the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) is widely used, misidentification of individuals with low health literacy (HL) in specific HL dimensions, like numeracy, is a concern. We examined the degree to which individuals scored as "adequate" HL on the S-TOFHLA would be considered as having low HL by two additional numerical measures. METHODS English...

Hepatic lipase (HL) is thought to be located at the vascular endothelium in the liver. However, it has also been implicated in the binding and internalization of chylomicron remnants in the parenchymal cells. In view of this apparent discrepancy between localization and function, we re-investigated the localization of HL in rat liver using biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. The bin...

Abstract: Background: Hemiscorpius lepturus is a medically important scorpion found along the Iranian borders, especially near to Khuzestan Province in the south-west of Iran. This is the only non-buthid scorpion which is potentially lethal in southern Iran and is responsible for severe dermonecrotic scorpionism. OBJECTIVES: In this study, DNA fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase ...

In recent years, chitosan nanoparticles have been studied widely for protein delivery. In this study, Hemiscorpius lepturus (HL) venom was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. The aim of the present work was to carry out a systematic study for preparing biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles for loading HL scorpion venom and to evaluate their potential as an antigen delivery system. I...

BACKGROUND Observational studies from the USA have suggested that patients with low health literacy (HL) have higher health care costs and use an inefficient mix of health care services. To date, there were no studies from Europe that investigated the impact of HL on the use of the health system. The purpose of this study was to measure functional HL among persons having type 2 diabetes and to ...