schizophrenia is a chronic and often debilitating illness which affects about 1% of the world population. some reagents have been used to simulate schizophrenic disorders in laboratory animals, such as amphetamine and ketamine. previous studies have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ros) production, reduced levels of atp, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis are involved in the pathoph...

mitochondria play key roles in many cell functions including energy production, fatty acid metabolism, pyrimidine biosynthesis, calcium homeostasis, and aging. they also regulate crucial signaling cascades such as apoptosis and oxidative stress. the proteome is often used to investigate the functional correlations on protein levels. based upon the human, genome there is estimated 2000 to 2500 a...

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objective(s): to understand the role of mitochondrial respiration in cisplatin sensitivity, we have employed wild-type and mitochondrial dna depleted rho0 yeast cells. materials and methods: wild type and rho0 yeast cultured in fermentable and non-fermentable sugar containing media, were studied for their sensitivity against cisplatin by monitoring growth curves, oxygen consumption, ph changes ...

oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main suggested mechanisms for neurodegenerative diseases. in this study, we have evaluated the effects of epicatechin (ec) on mitochondrial damage induced by homocycteine (hcy) using isolated rat hippocampus mitochondria in vivo . ec (50 mg/kg) was gavaged daily for a period of 10 days, starting 5 days prior to hcy (0.5 μmol/μl) intra hippo...

prohibitins are chaperone proteins highly conserved among eukaryotes. many different functions have been attributed to prohibitins depending on their tissue expression and sub-cellular localization. prohibitins play a major role in mitochondrial physiology, regulating the stability and the processing of both respiratory chain complex subunits and opa1, a mitochondrial fusion regulating protein....

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that inflammation, demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, gliosis, axonal injury and neurodegeneration are the main histopathological hallmarks of the disease. although ms was classically thought as a demyelinating disease, but axonal injury occurs commonly in acute inflammatory lesions. in ms mi...

BACKGROUND Paraquat (PQ) poisoning is a lethal toxicological challenge that served as a disease model of acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanism is undetermined and no effective treatment has been discovered. METHODS AND FINDINGS We demonstrated that PQ injures mitochondria and leads to mtDNA release. The mtDNA mediated PBMC recruitment and stimulated the alveolar epitheli...

BACKGROUND Numerous studies in cultured cells indicate that damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) dictates cellular responses to oxidant stress, yet the consequences of mtDNA damage have not been studied directly in the preterm lung. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether hyperoxia-induced fetal lung dysmorphogenesis is linked to mtDNA damage and establish mtDNA repair as a potential therapeu...

Background: Although the bio kinetics, metabolism and chemical toxicity of Atorvastatin are well known, until recently little attention was paid to the potential neurotoxic effect of Atorvastatin (Atv). Regarding the concrete evidences indicating Atv may reduce Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels through blockage of  metalonate cycle, the present work aims to determine if Atorvastatin may provide toxic...