In the title adduct, 2C(6)H(5)NO(3)·C(3)H(6)N(6)·H(2)O, the melamine and the two independent nitrophenol molecules are essentially planar, with maximum deviations of 0.0294 (10), 0.0706 (12) and 0.0742 (12) Å, respectively. In the crystal, N-H⋯N, O-H⋯N, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the components into a three-dimensional network. In addition, weak π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid dis...

This work reports the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using UiO-66(Zr) as a bifunctional photocatalyst and hydrogenation catalyst methanol hydrogen source.

ZrO2 nanopowder was prepared by the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The average crystalline size of ZrO2 was obtained 62 nm. Also, photocatalytic removal of nitrophenol from aqueous solution by using nanoscale ZrO2 under UV ...

Three related forms of phenol sulfotransferase (PSULT), thermostable ST1A2 (SULT1A2hum) and ST1A3 (SULT1A1hum) and a thermolabile TL-PST (SULT1A3hum), are known to exist in human livers. Thermostable forms, whose activities are polymorphically distributed, have been shown to mediate the bioactivation of carcinogenic N-hydroxy arylamines and heterocyclic amines. To clarify the nature of the sulf...

Nitrophenols are present in the atmospheric gas phase and in cloud and rainwater. Their formation via aqueous-phase reactions of phenol with the nitronium ion, NO2 + , arising from N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into the aqueous phase, has been proposed but not verified experimentally. Here we demonstrate for the first time that gaseous N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into dilute aqueous solutions of ...

The toxicities of 4-nitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol in newborn and young rats was examined and the susceptibility of newborn rats was analyzed in terms of presumed unequivocally toxic and no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs). In the 18-day repeated dose newborn rat study, 4-nitrophenol was orally given from Day 4 to Day 21 after birth but did not induce any toxicity up to 160 mg/kg in t...

Nonlinear optical single crystals of L-phenylalanine-4-nitrophenol have been grown by the slow evaporation method. The grown crystal was subjected to the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, to confirm that it belongs to the monoclinic crystal structure, with space group P21. The optical transmission study reveals the transparency of the crystal in the entire visible region and the cut of...

-Plant roots and soil organisms increase phosphorus availability by releasing acid and alkaline phosphatase. Organic phosphorus compounds are hydrolysed into plant-available forms through the action of these enzymes. Phosphatase is of particular importance under conditions of low phosphorus availability which is commonly found in pinon-juniper soils. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities (mg...

Wet oxidation of phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol and 2-nitrophenol over iron oxide and manganese dioxide catalysts was tested in this work with or without hydrogen peroxide in the reaction mixture. Influence of factors such as catalyst load, reactant-hydrogen peroxide mole ratio, and reaction time was monitored for all the phenols. Increase in the amount of hydrogen peroxide in the feed ...

In this study, various concentrations of caffeic acid (CA) were used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (CA-AuNPs) in order to evaluate their catalytic activity in the 4-nitrophenol reduction reaction. To facilitate catalytic activity, caffeic acid was removed by centrifugation after synthesizing CA-AuNPs. The catalytic activity of CA-AuNPs was compared with that of centrifuged CA-AuNPs (cf-CA-Au...