In a prospective study of 13 patients requiring pneumonectomy for unilateral post-tuberculous lung destruction the left side was found to be affected in 12. Review of a further 172 cases showed the left lung to have been destroyed in 109 (63%). It is suggested that this predominance of the left side is due to the anatomical characteristics of the left main bronchus and that disordered haemodyna...

Emergency Department, complaining of exertional dyspnea. A review of his medical history revealed that 3 years earlier he had tried to swallow a knife. It was removed from the esophagus by endoscopy. Two years before admission he told his relatives that he had swallowed another knife, but they did not believe him. Posteroanterior (Fig. 1) and lateral (Fig. 2) views of the chest were obtained, d...

this study is an attempt to monitor and investigate the main elements of social harms from political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental and legal perspectives in accordance with the factors of pestel. one of the findings of the present study indicates that iran has taken several measures in order to fight narcotics.  in poverty and unemployment, it must be admitted that cast...

The need of polygonal elements to represent the domain is gaining interest among structural engineers. The objective is to perform static analysis and topology optimization of a given continuum domain using the rational fraction type shape functions of six node hexagonal elements. In this paper, the main focus is to perform the topology optimization of two-dimensional plate structures using Evo...

in this type of criticism, the main elements that a critic takes into consideration are rhythm and rhyme, vocabulary, syntax and word order, and forms of imagination. in the standard epic language, i.e. shahname, all these elements help the typical literary epic and recall thought epical contents, but in some epic works after ferdowsi, it is seen that the main epical elements have been separate...

Eighty attempts at placing suction catheters in the left main bronchus were analysed by studying chest radiographs. When angled catheters were used via a tracheostomy tube the success rate was 75%; the rate fell to 15% when straight tubes were used through an orotracheal tube. Assessment and control of the tube length was found to be important to avoid kinking and subsequent obstruction of the ...

We present an interesting case of a complete vanishing of the left main bronchus in a lung transplant recipient who had a successful outcome due to acute respiratory support with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in order to perform airway dilation.

the aligoodarz granitoid occurs in sanandaj-sirjan zone (ssz), western iran. tonalite, granodiorite and granite are the main rock types cropping out in the area. comparison of aligoodarz granitoid with dehno and boroujerd granitoids reveals several similarities in their chemical characteristics. thus, the above mentioned granitoids can be assigned as a co-genetic magmatic suite, in which pluton...