Marine microalgae have been prominently featured in cancer research. Here, we examined cytotoxic effect and apoptosis mechanism of crude ethanol extracts of an indigenous microalga, Chaetoceros calcitrans (UPMAAHU10) on human breast cell lines. MCF-7 was more sensitive than MCF-10A with IC50 value of 3.00 ± 0.65, whilst the IC50 value of Tamoxifen against MCF-7 was 12.00 ± 0.52  μg/mL after 24 ...

Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is an enzyme that deacetylates histones and several nonhistone proteins including p53 during stress and plays an important role in the survival of tumor cells. Hereby, this study describes the potency of salermide as a SIRT1 inhibitor to induce apoptosis in the MCF-7 and MRC-5 cell lines. MCF7 and MRC-5 cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 and treated with or without salermide...

OBJECTIVES Acquisition of TNF-α resistance plays role in the onset and growth of malignant tumors. Previous studies have demonstrated that MCF-7 cell line and its doxorubicin resistant variant MCF-7/Adr are resistant against the cytotoxic effects of TNF-α. In this study, we investigated the role of Akt activation in resistance of MCF-7 and MCF-7/Adr against TNF-α cytotoxicity. MATERIALS AND M...

Mitochondria play a key role in respiration and energy production and are involved in multiple eukaryotic but also in several plant specific metabolic pathways. Solute carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane connect the internal metabolism with that of the surrounding cell. Because of their common basic structure, these transport proteins affiliate to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF)...

MCF-7 cells transfected with human placental aromatase gene (MCF-7Ca cells) or cells transfected with plasmid vector only (MCF-7Cc cells) were inoculated into nude mice with Matrigel. Tumors formed from both MCF-7Ca and MCF-7Cc cells grew faster in intact mice than in ovariectomized mice, suggesting that the tumors maintained their responsiveness to estrogen stimulation and that their growth wa...

High matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) expression is associated with enhanced breast cancer growth and metastasis and also might predict poor prognosis. In this study, we further investigated the functional role of MMP1 and how it is upregulated in multi-drug resistant (MDR) breast cancer cells. By retrieving microarray data in GEO datasets and the survival data in the Kaplan Meier plotter, we ...

China’s geopolitical ambitions give rise to risks that government agencies and the businesses they regulate need address. In particular, Military-Civil Fusion (MCF), a whole-of-government legal administrative machinery created by Chinese Communist Party (CCP), aims military, as well state- championed companies, technologies essential strategic competitiveness in decades ahead. service of effort...

PURPOSE The production of E2 is paramount for the growth of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Various strategies have been used, including the use of enzyme inhibitors against either aromatase (AROM) or steroid sulfatase (STS), in an attempt to ablate E2 levels. Both these enzymes play a critical role in the formation of estrogenic steroids and their inhibitors are now showing success i...

The oncogenic potential of many nonacute retroviruses is dependent on the duplication of the enhancer sequences present in the unique 3' (U3) region of the long terminal repeat (LTR). In a molecular clone (MCF 247-W) of the murine leukemia virus MCF 247, a leukemogenic mink cell focus-inducing (MCF) virus, the U3 enhancer sequences are tandemly repeated in the LTR. We mutated the enhancer regio...

BACKGROUND The Malaysian Tualang honey (TH) is not only cytotoxic to human breast cancer cell lines but it has recently been reported to promote the anticancer activity induced by tamoxifen in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells suggesting its potential as an adjuvant for the chemotherapeutic agent. However, tamoxifen produces adverse effects that could be due to its ability to induce cellular DNA damag...