Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal instruments that allow competent persons to document their preferences regarding future mental health treatment and to designate a surrogate decisionmaker in the event they lose capacity to make reliable treatment decisions during an acute episode of psychiatric illness. This study reports the findings of a survey of 1,011 psychiatric outpatients ...

The popularity of parallel and distributed simulations (PADS) is increasing gradually, because they are one of the strongest techniques to simulate complex models in a scalable way. Thanks to PADS, high speedup values can be achieved and many of those complex models can be simulated in acceptable time periods. Despite this advantage, most of the engineering simulation developers cannot allocate...

OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of protective equipment use (that is, helmets, wrist guards, elbow pads, knee pads) in a representative sample of in-line skaters. SETTING Fifteen municipalities throughout the province of British Columbia. METHOD A province-wide observational survey was conducted in the summer of 1999. Skaters were observed at four types of sites (commuter, recreational, n...

We introduce the equational notion of a monadic bounded algebra (MBA), intended to capture algebraic properties of bounded quantification. The variety of all MBA’s is shown to be generated by certain algebras of two-valued propositional functions that correspond to models of monadic free logic with an existence predicate. Every MBA is a subdirect product of such functional algebras, a fact that...

A high-performance, low-voltage, transparent, metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, based on gold (Au) asymmetric interdigitated (aIDT) electrodes with thicknesses well below 10 nm. 7-nm-thick Au film, a visible transmittance of 80.4% sheet resistance 11.55 Ω/sq, patterned into aIDT ZnO active layer, whose average up to 74.3%....

BACKGROUND Increased education of girls in developing contexts is associated with a number of important positive health, social, and economic outcomes for a community. The event of menarche tends to coincide with girls' transitions from primary to secondary education and may constitute a barrier for continued school attendance and performance. Following the MRC Framework for Complex Interventio...

Abstract. Many kinds of morphisms on Petri nets have been defined and studied. They can be used as formal techniques supporting refinement/abstraction of models. In this paper we introduce a new notion of morphism on marked graphs, a class of Petri nets used for the representation of systems having deterministic behavior. Such morphisms can indeed be used to represent a form of abstraction on m...

A marked graph is obtained from a graph by giving each point either a positive or a negative sign. Beineke and Harary raised the problem of characterizing consistent marked graphs in which the product of the signs of the points is positive for every cycle. In this paper a characterization is given in terms of fundamental cycles of a cycle basis.

Intense hyperleptinemia completely depletes adipocyte fat of normal rats within 14 days. To determine the mechanism, epididymal fat pads from normal wild-type (+/+) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) donor rats were transplanted into normal +/+ and fa/fa ZDF recipients. Hyperleptinemia induced by adenovirus-leptin administration depleted all fat from native fat pads and from fat tran...