Background: Palladium-103 (103Pd) is a brachytherapy source for cancer treatment. The Monte Carlo codes are usually applied for dose distribution and effect of shieldings. Monte Carlo calculation of dose distribution in water phantom due to a MED3633 103Pd source is presented in this work. Materials and Methods: The dose distribution around the 103Pd Model MED3633 located in the center of 30×...

The distribution of radiation doses in cancer patients who receive radiotherapy treatment depends on the distance cancerous organ to source, type including density and atoms organ. Even though exposure is focused that will be irradiated, surrounding healthy organs still have a great chance getting exposure. Healthy can exposed within certain period time are thought opportunity experience metast...

i131 is a famous radio-iodine isotope in use for diagnosis and treatment of hyper functioning and cancerous thyroid gland. it is a nuclear reactor product; however nuclear reactor may be unavailable in some areas. replacement by i-124 may be possible, another iodine isotope producible by cyclotron; a system more available than reactor. here absorbed fraction of gamma and beta rays of i-124 thro...

introduction: image quality and accuracy of in vivo activity quantification in spect are affected by collimator penetration and scatter components, especially in high energy imaging. these phenomena highly depend on the collimator characteristic and photon energy. the presence of penetrated and scattered photons from collimator in spect images degrades spatial resolution, contrast and image qua...

Light reflectance by semi-infinite turbid media is modeled by a hybrid of Monte Carlo simulation and diffusion theory, which combines the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulation near the source and the speed of diffusion theory distant from the source. For example, when the turbid medium has the following optical properties--absorption coefficient 1 cm-1, scattering coefficient 100 cm-1, anisotropy ...