this paper tries to systematically survey, with taking theoretical view on geomorphic basin and its changes into account. the purpose of this research is to determine the balance and stability of geomorphic basins from the past to present and then to future. consequently, it tries to determine the balance between energy and input-output materials for example (rainfall , solar radiation, tectoni...

Interest in the contemporary geodynamic setting of southwestern British Columbia stems from a concern that a large earthquake may impact the major urban centres of the province. Indeed, monitoring of seismic activity in western Canada indicates that numerous smaller magnitude (<M4) intraplate earthquakes affect the southern coastal region annually. and that very small tremors occur daily. Large...

Part 1 of this paper is concerned with various types of deformation of volcanic cones as listed in Table 1. In regard to the crustal displacements before and after eruptions, the local upheaval and fracturing near crater remain as a permanent deformed topography, but the areal upheaval and subsidence before and after eruption are believed to be a reiterative movement caused by increase and decr...

It has been known since Rhodes Fairbridge’s first attempt to establish a global pattern of Holocene sealevel change by combining evidence from Western Australia and from sites in the northern hemisphere that the details of sea-level history since the Last Glacial Maximum vary considerably across the globe. The Australian region is relatively stable tectonically and is situated in the ‘far-field...

packed gravel that overlies a thin (3–10 cm), fine-grained, gravel-poor, vesicular A (Av) soil horizon.1 Desert paveDesert pavements are prominent features in arid environments ments are prominent features in arid environments and and consist of a surface layer of closely packed gravel that overlies a thin, gravel-poor, vesicular A (Av) soil horizon. Well-developed Av can be found on a variety ...